Genetics & Reproduction

Question 1

Properties of Asexual reproduction

Answer 1

1. It involves one parent only.
2. The offspring are genetically identical to their parent
3. No specialized cells like gametes are produced.
4. A large number of organisms produced in a very short time.

Question 2

Properties of Sexual reproduction

Answer 2

It involves two parents.

Specialized sex cells gametes are produced.

In animals male gametes are sperm cells and female gametes are egg cells.

In flowering plants the male gametes are inside the pollen grains and female gametes are inside the ovules. (discussed later)

During sexual reproduction the gametes fuse together at fertilization and form zygote.

Zygote divides to form an embryo which may grow into a new individual plant.

The offspring shows genetic variations.

Comparatively less number of organisms produced.

Question 3

Plant reproduction: Female parts of flower and their properties

Answer 3

Stigma, style, ovary

Question 4

Plant reproduction: Male parts of flower and their properties

Answer 4

Stamen, anther, filament

Question 5

5 fingers of evolution

Answer 5

Explain all 5

Question 6

Summarize Darwin’s theory

Answer 6

darwin theory.png on PC

Question 7

Summarize Lamarck’s theory

Answer 7

The physical changes aquired by the parent during it’s lifetime are passed on to the offspring

Question 8

Survival of the fittest: D or L

Answer 8

Darwin

Question 9

Theory of inheritance: D or L

Answer 9

Lamarck

Question 10

Descent with modification: D or L

Answer 10

Darwin

Question 11

Acquired characteristics: D or L

Answer 11

Lamarck

Question 12

Inheritance of acquired characteristics: explain

Answer 12

Physical changes acquired by parent during their lifetime are passed of to offspring

Question 13

Use and disuse: explain

Answer 13

• Organisms actively adapt their bodies in order to survive
• The more a part is used, the larger/stronger it becomes
• The less it is used, the weaker it becomes

Question 14

Phenotype: definition

Answer 14

Observable characteristics

Question 15

Genes: definition

Answer 15

Proteins

Question 16

Genome: definition

Answer 16

An entire organism

Question 17

Variation: what causes it

Answer 17

Genes and environment

Question 18

One example of variation

Answer 18

More time spent in sun = darker skin

Question 19

Genetic variation: what causes it

Answer 19

• ## Mutation (change in the DNA code)

Question 20

What is evolution?

Answer 20

Inheritance of certain characteristics in a population over multiple generations. It could result in the development of a new species or a change in the whole species.