genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems

Question 1

interspecific competition:

Answer 1

when organisms of different species compete with eachother for the same resources.

Question 2

intraspecific competition:

Answer 2

when organisms of the same species compete with eachother for the same resources.

Question 3

predation:

Answer 3

where an organism (predator) kills and eats another organism (prey).

Question 4

genotype:

Answer 4

all of the alleles that an organism carries on its chromosomes.

Question 5

phenotype:

Answer 5

observable characteristics of an organism which result from the genotype and environmental factors.

Question 6

homozygous:

Answer 6

a pair of homologous chromosomes carrying the same alleles for a single gene.

Question 7

heterozygous:

Answer 7

a pair of homologous chromosomes carrying two different alleles for a single gene.

Question 8

recessive:

Answer 8

an allele only expressed if no dominant allele is present.

Question 9

dominant:

Answer 9

an allele that will always be expressed in the phenotype.

Question 10

codominant:

Answer 10

both alleles are equally dominant and expressed in the phenotype.

Question 11

multiple alleles:

Answer 11

more than two alleles for a single gene.

Question 12

sex-linkage:

Answer 12

a gene whose locus is on the X chromosome.

Question 13

autosomal linkage:

Answer 13

genes that are located on the same chromosome (not the sex chromosomes).

Question 14

epsistasis:

Answer 14

when one gene modifies or masks the expression of a different gene at a different locus.

Question 15

monohybrid:

Answer 15

genetic inheritance cross of a characteristic determined by one gene.

Question 16

dihybrid:

Answer 16

genetic inheritance cross for a characteristic determined by two genes.