Genetics Glossary

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism.

Question 2

Gene

Answer 2

A section of DNA which controls part of a cells chemistry (mainly protein production)

Question 3

Chromosome

Answer 3

• A thread like structure of nucleic acids and protein
• found in the nucleus of most living cells
  -carrying genetic information in the form of genes

Question 4

Allele

Answer 4

Each of two or more alternate forms of a gene that are made from mutation and are found in the sane place as a chromosome

Question 5

Dominant

Answer 5

Relationship between two versions of a gene. Stronger

Question 6

Recessive

Answer 6

Effect of the other allele. Masked

Question 7

Homozygous

Answer 7

Having inherited the same versions of a genomic marker from each biological parent

Question 8

Heterozygous

Answer 8

Having inherited different versions of genomic marker from each biological parent

Question 9

Genotype

Answer 9

The genetic makeup of an organism

Question 10

Zygote

Answer 10

Fertilised egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete (egg or ovum) with male gamete (sperm)

Question 11

Mitosis

Answer 11

A type of cell division that takes place in several stages

Question 12

Meiosis

Answer 12

Occurs in the testes and ovaries; egg cells and sperm cells