Genetics

Question 1

DNA replicates by

Answer 1

(Semiconservative replication) each strand unwinds

Question 2

Define a gene

Answer 2

Each gene codes for one polypeptide chain.

Question 3

(GENE) what it does

Answer 3

Each gene tells cell (has directions) how to make a specific protein.

Question 4

where are the directions to make a protein?

Answer 4

Located in nucleus

Question 5

Where are the proteins made?

Answer 5

Ribosome

Question 6

How do the directions get out to where the protein is made?

Answer 6

mRNA = messager RNA

Question 7

Define transcription and where does it occur?

Answer 7

DNA unzips and mRNA forms a complementary copy

Question 8

The DNA sequence that is to be transcribed is

Answer 8

ATTCGAACCGTACG

Question 9

the complimentary RNA sequence

Answer 9

UAAUCGGUU

Question 10

UCU

Answer 10

SERINE

Question 11

UGG

Answer 11

TRYPTOPHAN

Question 12

GGA

Answer 12

GYLCINE

Question 13

GUU

Answer 13

VALINE

Question 14

CUU

Answer 14

LEUCINE

Question 15

AUG

Answer 15

MEHIONINE

Question 16

AGU

Answer 16

START CODON

Question 17

CAU

Answer 17

SERINE HISTIDINE

Question 18

where does translation take place?

Answer 18

on the ribosome

Question 19

Define translation

Answer 19

Using the mRNA codons to assemble amino acids and make a protein

Question 20

what is a mutation

Answer 20

Changes in DNA

Question 21

what is an effective or missense mutation

Answer 21

Can occur from exposure to x rays, uv radiation, nuclear radiation, certain chemicals

Question 22

what is a point mutation?

Answer 22

One base is substituted for another

Question 23

what is the result of a point mutation?

Answer 23

This changes the amino acid from asparagine to lysine

Question 24

(kind of mutation) Insertion:

Answer 24

a small segment of DNA is added

Question 25

(kind of mutation) Deletion:

Answer 25

a small segment of DNA is lost

Question 26

the only time a mutation is passed on to offspring is when it occurs in a:

Answer 26

gamete cell

Question 27

A mutation that is not usually passed on to offspring is called a:

Answer 27

Somatic cell

Question 28

How could the offspring get above named mutation?

Answer 28

reproduction is asexual