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roots and tissue > final, bio > Flashcards

final, bio Flashcards

1
Q

Fruit of grass family

A

grain

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2
Q

flower parts in grasses

A

spikelet

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3
Q

Top 4 grass crops

A

sugar cane
maize
rice
wheat

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4
Q

roots, stems, and leaves in grasses

A

Parallel venation
leaves alternate
fibrous roots

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5
Q

Purpose of rhizomes and stolons

A

Both involved in asexual reproduction, adaptation to disturbance, grazing

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6
Q

bran

A

fiber

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7
Q

Aleurone layer

A

Protein

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8
Q

Refined

A

Flour: longer shelf life

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9
Q

Germ

A

Vitamins, minerals, some oils

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10
Q

Allows bread to rise

A

Yeast: Sugar + enzymes -> Co2 + alcohol + 2 ATP (anaerobic)

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11
Q

Mutation of corn -> teosinte

A

Teosinte produces 2 rows of grains, each grain surrounded by a woody fruit coat- hard to eat or grind

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12
Q

Botanically, corn silks are

A

husks

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13
Q

Grasses with highest protein content

A

brown rice

Barley

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14
Q

Contains betaglucan

A

Oats

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15
Q

Action of betaglucan

A

Soluble of fiber

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16
Q

Not truly a grain, but very nutritious

A

Quinoa

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17
Q

A sugar substitute

A

Sorghum

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18
Q

looks like corn but has perfect flowers

A

Sorghum

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19
Q

Grass with 2nd highest protein content

A

Amaranth

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20
Q

first pasta

A

Millet

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21
Q

Most nutritious grain

A

Whole grain wheat Quinoa

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22
Q

Definition of Legume

A

are members of the bean family,(fabaceae) which includes all types of beans and peas as well as soy beans, peanuts, alfalfa, and clover.

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23
Q

Characteristics of legume flower

A

The five- petalled flower is irregular, with bilateral symmetry described as either butterfly-shaped or boat-shaped.

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24
Q

Leaves of legumes

A

Although the leaves of some legumes are simple. most are pinnately or palmately compound

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25
Q

legume seeds store food in—

A

Cotyledons

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26
Q

Why legumes are good food staples

A

Easy to store because they are rich in both oil and protein. easy to grow/ harvest

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27
Q

Why legumes are high in protein

A

The high protein content of legumes is correlated with the presence of root nodules which contain nitrogen- fixing bacteria

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28
Q

Nitrification

A

Bacteria perform nitrification: Bacteria convert N in air into a form (ammonium or nitrate) that can be used by plants

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29
Q

Kinds of N compounds legumes like

A

Nitrogen Fixation converts the unusable N2 gas into ammonium (NH4+) which the plants incorporate into the synthesizing of proteins

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30
Q

Legume with highest protein content

A

Soybeans
30%- 50%
protein

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31
Q

plant containing phytoestrogen

A

phytoestrogen—- plant estrogens

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32
Q

N cycle consists of?

A

Nitrogen- fixing organisms
Decomposition- of dead plants and animals
Volcanic activity and lightening- rain washes into soil
Denitrification- ammonium and nitrates converted to N2 by bacteria in wet soils, fire

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33
Q

Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses

A

Bryophytes

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34
Q

No vascular tissue

A

Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses

Bryophytes

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35
Q

No true leaves, stems, roots

A

Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses

Bryophytes

36
Q

water required for reproduction

A

Bryophytes, Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses

37
Q

Gametophyte dominant

A

Bryophytes, Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses

38
Q

Sporophyte dependent on gametophyte

A

means the gametophyte feeds the sporophyte
Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses
bryophytes

39
Q

Meiosis in capsule–>

A

Bryophytes, liverworts, hornworts, mosses

40
Q

No seeds

A

Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses

Bryophytes

41
Q

Seedless Vascular plants

Fern and fern allies

A

Club mosses, Whisk ferns, Horsetails, Ferns

42
Q

vascular tissue

A

Club mosses, Whisk ferns, Horsetails, Ferns

Seedless Vascular Plants

43
Q

True leaves, Stems, Roots

A

(microphylls)
Club mosses, Whisk ferns, Horsetails, Ferns
Seedless Vascular Plants

44
Q

Water required for reproduction

A

Club mosses, Whisk ferns, Horsetails, Ferns

Seedless Vascular Plants

45
Q

Sporophyte dominant

A

Club mosses, Whisk ferns, Horsetails, Ferns

Seedless Vascular Plants

46
Q

Sporophyte and Gametophyte are independent

A

Club mosses, Whisk ferns, Horsetails, Ferns

Seedless Vascular Plants

47
Q

Meiosis in sporangium or strobili but mostly in strobili

A

(OCCURS)
Club mosses, Whisk ferns, Horsetails, Ferns
Seedless Vascular Plants

48
Q

Some spores heterosporous

A

Club mosses, ferns

49
Q

No seeds

A

Club mosses, Whisk ferns, Horsetails, Ferns

Seedless Vascular Plants

50
Q

Sporophyte Is Independent

A

It can Photosynthesize

51
Q

Gymnosperms

Seed Plants

A

Cycads, Gingko, Conifers, Gnetals
Gymnosperms
Seed Plants

52
Q

Vascular Tissue

A

Cycads, Gingko, Conifers, Gnetals
Gymnosperms
Seed Plants

53
Q

True leaves, Stems, Roots

A

Cycads, Gingko, Conifers, Gnetals
Gymnosperms
Seed Plants

54
Q

No water required for reproduction; POLLEN IS REQUIRED

A

Cycads, Gingko, Conifers, Gnetals
Gymnosperms
Seed Plants

55
Q

Sporophyte Dominant

A

Cycads, Gingko, Conifers, Gnetals
Gymnosperms
Seed Plants

56
Q

Gametophyte Dependent on Sporophyte

A

Cycads, Gingko, Conifers, Gnetals
Gymnosperms
Seed Plants

57
Q

Meiosis in Strobili– Ovule (OCCURS)

A

Cycads, Gingko, Conifers, Gnetals
Gymnosperms
Seed Plants

58
Q

Spores Heterosporous– Microspores and Megaspores

A

Cycads, Gingko, Conifers, Gnetals
Gymnosperms
Seed Plants

59
Q

Seeds

protective coat with embryo inside and capability of lying dormant

A

Cycads, Gingko, Conifers, Gnetals
Gymnosperms
Seed Plants

60
Q

Angiosperms

Flowering Plants

A

Fruit

61
Q

Vascular tissue– Vessel elements

A

Angiosperms

Flowering Plants

62
Q

True leaves, Stems, Roots

A

Angiosperms

Flowering Plants

63
Q

Pollen

A

Angiosperms

Flowering Plants

64
Q

Sporophyte Dominant

A

Angiosperms

Flowering Plants

65
Q

Gametophyte dependent on Sporophyte

A

Angiosperms

Flowering Plants

66
Q

Meiosis in Flowers-> FRUIT

A

Angiosperms

Flowering Plants

67
Q

Spores Heterosporous

A

Angiosperms

Flowering Plants

68
Q

Seeds in Fruit

A

Angiosperms

Flowering Plants

69
Q

Eat this and you might be tried as a witch

A

Rye

70
Q

Two different alleles

A

Heterozygous

71
Q

Phenotypes of offspring of long leaves x short leaves in incomplete dominance

A

Blended

72
Q

two different alleles

A

Heterozygous

73
Q

which cross will produce offspring with recessive phenotypes

A

Aa x Aa

74
Q

curly trichomes x straight trichomes = curly and straight trichomes

A

codominance

75
Q

production of mRNA from DNA template

A

Transcription

76
Q

above takes place where (transcription)

A

Nucleus

77
Q

steps of protein synthesis

A

Transcription -> Translation

78
Q

Complementry mRNA strand of TTACAGGAT

A

AAUGAAUC

79
Q

anticodon of CUA

A

GAU

80
Q

Somatic mutation occurs where? is it passed to offspring?

A

Insertion/ added

81
Q

GCC-> GCG

A

Mutation point

82
Q

Name a characteristic of the plant kingdom

A

Photosynthesise

83
Q

the following would be considered a gymnosperms

A

cycad

84
Q

A sporophyte plant

A

is diploid and produces spores

85
Q

a club moss is a

A

seedless vascular plant

roots and tissue (9 decks)

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