Genetics

Question 1

Modern genetics

Answer 1

study of heredity

Question 2

chromosomes

Answer 2

46 total
23 sets
22 paired and 1 set of sex chromosomes x or y

Question 3

single chromosome

Answer 3

n
haploid # 23
2n diploid #
2n=46

Question 4

alleles

Answer 4

variations among the same gene resulting from a mutation from that gene

Question 5

phenotype

Answer 5

observable feature produced by a certain gene

Question 6

genotype

Answer 6

referring to the pair of alleles that makes up a trait

Question 7

restrictive enzymes

Answer 7

discovered in bacteria in 1970s, functions by cutting and inactivating the DNA of invasive viruses

Question 8

biotechnology

Answer 8

using genetics to make products
ie transgenic crops and animals for food and drugs

Question 9

genetic model of disease

Answer 9

easy to maintain and grow
rapid and prolific life cycle
easy to work with
inexpensive

Question 10

cell theory

Answer 10

schleiden and schwann: all living things are composed of organized structures called cells. cells are derived from precursor cells.

Question 11

natural selection

Answer 11

1859 charles darwin, more offspring were produced than an environment could actually support

Question 12

chromosomal theory of inheritence

Answer 12

shows both heridity and development depended on the passing of genetic info via genes that were contained within chromosomes

Question 13

DNA from given structure

Answer 13

Can be fragmented, purified, and inserted into vectors to form recombinant DNA

Question 14

Early theories proposed that the fertilized egg contained a tiny human in a form called the

Answer 14

homunculus

Question 15

Where were restriction enzymes first discovered? how are they useful in genetics research and biotechnology?

Answer 15

restriction enzymes were first discovered in bacteria in that they could cut and inactivate the DNA of invading. Scientists use restriction enzymes to cut and fragment DNA to isolate almost any gene for study.

Question 16

the concept that a fertilized egg undergoes developmental events that lead to the formation of a human is called

Answer 16

embryogenesis

Question 17

the traits that mendel referred to as units of heredity are presently known as

Answer 17

genes

Question 18

avery, macleod, and mccarty showed that DNA was responsible for carrying genetic material in bacteria

Answer 18

true

Question 19

a mutation within a gene always results in the loss of that gene

Answer 19

false

Question 20

humans have a haploid number of

Answer 20

23

Question 21

why is it important to choose an animal research model carefully?

Answer 21

chosen for a short life span
ease of breeding
low expense
ability to study them easily

Question 22

all genetic disorders will show a phenotype early in life, if not at birth

Answer 22

false