GENETICS

Question 1

In humans each cell with the exception of the sperm and ovum contains __ chromosomes

Answer 1

46

Question 2

there are __ autosomes and ___ sex chromosomes

Answer 2

44 ; 2

Question 3

DNA can replicate itself leading to the development of a human being from one cell now this process is called

Answer 3

mitosis

Question 4

for each chromosome in the
sperm cell there is a like chromosome of similar size and shape and function we call
this the

Answer 4

Autosome or homologous chromosome

Question 5

Each parent of a human
being carries __ copies of their genes and each parent passes __ copy of genes to their child

Answer 5

two ; one

Question 6

are disorders that can be passed from one generation to
the next.

Answer 6

Genetic disorders

Question 7

the study of the ways such
disorders occur.

Answer 7

Genetics

Question 8

22 of our 23 chromosome pairs can be distinguished from one another. These are called

Answer 8

autosomes

Question 9

The X is long, the Y short and carries __ genetic material.

Answer 9

Less

Question 10

refers to his or her outward appearance or the expression of the genes

Answer 10

Phenotype

Question 11

refers to his or her actual gene composition.

Answer 11

Genotype

Question 12

the complete set of
genes present (about 50,000 to 100,000).

Answer 12

Genome

Question 13

___ determines baby’s sex.

Answer 13

male’s sperm

Question 14

If the genes differ a gene for blue eyes from the mother and a gene for brown eyes from the father, or vice versa), the person is said to be __

Answer 14

Heterozygous

Question 15

is one of two or more versions of your DNA sequence a single base or a segment of bases at a given genomic location an individual inherits

Answer 15

Allele

Question 16

If the alleles are different the individual is said to be __ for the trait

Answer 16

heterozygous

Question 17

If the father however is heterozygous has
one dominant gene and one recessive gene a child born to this couple will have
an __ chance of being brown eyed or blue eyed

Answer 17

equal

Question 18

If the father is homozygous dominant meaning the father has two dominant genes for brown eye color and the mother is homozygous recessive which means the mother has two genes for blue eye color it
can be predicted that their children have a 100% of being __ for the trait they will appear brown eye the phenotype but will carry a recessive gene for blue eyes for the genotype

Answer 18

heterozygous

Question 19

Either a person has two unhealthy genes (homozygous dominant) or is heterozygous,
with the gene causing the disease stronger than the corresponding healthy recessive
gene for the same trait.

Answer 19

Autosomal dominant disorders

Question 20

means that a single copy of the
mutated gene from one parent is enough to cause the disorder

Answer 20

Dominant

Question 21

means that a single copy of the
mutated gene from one parent is enough to cause the disorder

Answer 21

Dominant

Question 22

this means that the gene in
question is located on one of the numbered or non-sex chromosomes

Answer 22

Autosomal

Question 23

requires two copies of the mutated gene one from each parent to cause the disorder

Answer 23

Autosomal recessive inheritance disorder

Question 24

Such diseases do not do not occur unless the __ genes for the disease are present like your homozygous recessive
pattern

Answer 24

two

Question 25

If the gene is dominant, only one X chromosome with the trait need be present for symptoms of the disorder to be
manifested.

Answer 25

X linked dominant inheritance disorder

Question 26

Hemophilia A, Christmas disease (a Blood factor deficiency) ; incompatible with life therefore females
who inherit the affected gene will be heterozygous and because a normal gene is also present the expression of the disease will be blocked

Answer 26

X linked recessive inheritance disorder

Question 27

• Provide concrete, accurate information about
• inherited disorders
• Reassure people who are concerned that their child may inherit a particular disorder that the disorder will not occur

Answer 27

genetic counseling