genetics Flashcards
what does a punnett square show?
to determine the chance of getting two traits at the same time. To determine the gender of the offspring. each side is one parent
allele definition:
different versions of each traits
dominant definition:
always expressed and we use a capital letter (T) to represent it
recessive definition:
hidden in the presence of a dominant allele and we use lowercase (t) to represent it
Homozygous definition:
an individual with two of the same alleles (TT or tt)
Heterozyougus Definition:
an individual with two different alleles (Tt)
Genotype definition:
the genetic makeup of an organism; it’s the combination of alleles
phenotype definition:
the physical appearance of an organism
(tall vs. short)
complete dominance:
when the dominant allele is completely dominant over the recessive allele
incomplete dominance:
one allele is not completely dominant over the other.
Heterozygous individuals blend.
RR= Red
Rr= Pink
rr= white
codominance:
two alleles are equally dominant
Both traits show equally.
RR= red hair
RW= red and white hair
WW= white hair
x-linked traits:
traits carried on the X chromosome, not the Y
dihybrid cross:
to determine the chance of getting two traits at the same time.
homozygous type A:
IAIA
heterozygous type A:
IAi
