DNA Structure, Replication, and Cell Cycle Flashcards
which parts of DNA make people different from each other?
the order of nitrogenous bases.
which part of DNA is the sugar found in DNA?
deoxyribose
which part is the monomer (building block)
nucleotide
what are the base pairing rules?
AT are together and CG are together
what kind of shape does DNA have?
a twisted ladder
what does it mean for DNA to be antiparallel?
the strands go in opposite directions
The first step in DNA replication:
two strands of DNA are separated by the enzyme helicase (unwinds the helix)
The second step in DNA replication:
the enzyme polymerase is adding new nucleotides to the original strands of DNA
The Third step in DNA replication:
the two new molecules of DNA are each made of one original strand and one new strand. (semiconservative replication)
why does DNA need to replicate?
so that each base has a pair
what is the order of the cell cycle?
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
what happens during the S part of the Interphase?
DNA replication, (synthesis)
are mitosis and cell division the same thing?
mitosis is the division of the nucleus, cell division is mitosis and cell division.
if a cell has 28 chromosomes before cell division, how many will each new cell have after cell division?
28 chromosomes
how are cytokinesis and mitosis different?
mitosis is the division of the nucleus and cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm
