Genetics

Question 1

Who and how was inheritance discovered

Answer 1

Gregor Mendal was the first to discover genetics through an experiment with pea plants

Question 2

Whats the genotype

Answer 2

the organism allel pairs

Question 3

What are allel pairs

Answer 3

allele is one of two or more versions of DNA sequence

Question 4

Whats Hetrozygous

q

Answer 4

two different allel for a trait

Question 5

Homozygous

Answer 5

have the same alleles for a trait

Question 6

What happens during fertailization

Answer 6

Gametes fuse creating new individuals

Question 7

Whats the phenotype

Answer 7

The observable characterstics or outward expresstions of an allele pair

Question 8

Whats a Dihybrid Cross

Answer 8

when there are two pairs of characterstics, each allele is distributed independantly

Question 9

Mendal’s Law of independant assortment

Answer 9

Random distribuation of alleles during gamete formatoin genes on seperate chromosomes sort independantly during meiosis

Question 10

Genetic recombination

Answer 10

The possible number of genes due to independant assortment can be caluclauted using the formula 2^n
where n is the number of chromosomes pair

Question 11

What are the genetic disroders in humans

Answer 11

1. Recessive genetic disorder
2. Dominant genetic disorder

Question 12

Cystic fibirirs

Answer 12

caused by a defective gene responsible for the production of memeberane protein:
it affects mucus secretion, hinders digestion clogs and obstructs respiratory pathways to the lungs

Question 13

Albinism

Answer 13

caused by the absence of the melanin pigment in skin, hair, and eyes, resulting in no colour in the skin and hair

Question 14

Humington’s disease

Answer 14

affects the nervous system

Question 15

Achondropiasia

Answer 15

affects growth

Question 16

Tay sacks disease TSD

Answer 16

the responsible gene is located at the 15th chromosome

it inhibts the enzyme stoping it from digesting a fatty acid called Gand-liosides, thus, it gets stored in the brain causing the brain cells to inflate and cause mental deterations

Question 17

Galactosemia

Answer 17

The body’s inability to digest Galactose
c

Question 18

Carrier (trait carrier)

Answer 18

A person who is hestrozygous for a recessive disorder

Question 19

What a Pedigress

What

Answer 19

a diagram that traces back inhertiance back to several generations looking for a specific disorder to identify its nature

Question 20

What’s the significance of the Pedigress and an example of it

Answer 20

it si used ot study inhertiance patterns in humans

Question 21

Comples Patterns of ingeritance

Answer 21

1.Incomplete Dominance: hetrozygous phemotype is an intermediate phenotype between the two homozygous phenotypes
2.Co-Dominance: Occurs when a gene is not dominant to another gene as in Sickle-cell Amenia
3.Multiple Alleles: when traits are determined by more two alleles just like blood types in humans

Question 22

What blood type is considered an example of alleles and co-dominance

Answer 22

The ABD blood type

Question 23

Fur colour in rabbits

Answer 23

There are four genotypes that determine the colour of a rabbit’s fur: C, c, c^ch, c^h

The dominance sequence: C > c^ch > c^h > c

Question 24

What are the dominant and recissive genes in rabbits fur

Answer 24

Dominant: C Gene
Recissive: c Gene

Question 25

What’s the color that each rabbit fur Gene holds?

Answer 25

C: black
c: white
C^th: chinchilla
C^h: Imalayan

Question 26

What genotype causes death?

Answer 26

OY

Question 27

What the chromosome genotype that causes Klinefetler syndrome

Answer 27

XXY