Genetic terms Flashcards
What is a chromatin?
A thread-like structure made of DNA
What is a chromosome?
A structure in the nucleus that carries genes
What is a chromatid?
Half a pair of chromosomes
What is a gene?
Segment of DNA that carried the code for a specific protein
What is DNA?
Nucleic acid encoded with the instructions to produce proteins
What are autosomes??
Non-sex chromosomes
What is replication?
Duplication of hereditary info during synthesis phase of mitosis/meiosis
What is a mutation?
A change in the gene the has a change or loss of functioning of the genetic makeup
What is a mutagen?
It is what causes mutations
What are congenital birth defects?
Health problems visible at birth
What are Teratogens?
Factors that cause congenital birth defects
What are autosomal recessive traits?
Mutations involving a single gene?
What are chromosomal abnormalities?
Mutations involving the whole chromosome
What is a pedigree?
A chart displaying the transmission of traits within a family using symbols. It determines how traits are passed down and the probability of future offspring having the trait
