Genetic standardisation Flashcards
1
Q
What are outbred lines also called?
A
stocks
2
Q
What are inbred lines also called?
A
strains
3
Q
Name some characteristics of outbred stocks?
A
- heterozygosity undefined
- genetic profile unkown
- random-mated, close colonies
- high reproductive performance and high vigor
- phenotypically variable
- not identifiable - not defined by genetic profile
- cheap and large
resemble human population
4
Q
How are inbred strains defined?
A
The result of more than 20 consecutive generations of brother-sister mating
An inbred strain may be regarded as an immortal clone of an almost constant genotype
5
Q
Name some properties of inbred strains
A
- isogenicity
- homozygosity
- phenotypic uniformity
- long term stability
- individuality of the strain
- internatl distribution
- identificaition (PCR primers available)
- senstivity (to, e.g., environmental factors)
6
Q
When should outbred stocks be used in research?
A
- large amounts of tissue
- education
- base population for selective breeding
- genetic mapping
7
Q
When should inbred strains be used?
A
In all cases where use of outbred stocks is not particularly justified
8
Q
What are F1 hybrids?
A
- Cross between 2 inbred strains
- heterozygosity high
- isogenic
- robust - high vigour
9
Q
Name main causes for genetic change
A
- genetic contamination or immigration
- mutation
- directional selection
- random drift
