Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Laboratory Animal Science > Anasethesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia > Flashcards

Anasethesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why are anaesthesia and analgesia used?

A
  • legislative reasons
  • ethical reasons
  • technical reasons (animals are still)
  • benefit of reasearch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which classes must be anaesthetised before it is caused physical or mental suffering?

A
  • mammals
  • birds,
  • reptiles
  • amphibians
  • fish
  • cyclostomatous (Rundmäuler; Wirbeltiere)
  • cephalopodan (Oktopus)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the goals for anaesthesia?

A
  • Senstivie block –> absence of pain (analgesia)
  • motoric block –> relaxation of muscles
  • mental block –> sleep/loss of consciousness
  • autonomic block –> vagal inhibition (no salvation, slow HR)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the components of balanced anaesthesia?

A
  • premedication
  • induction
  • maintenance
  • postoperative
  • recovery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Drugs in premedication - combinations of

A
  • sedatives
  • calming
  • (anti-cholinergics - reduce salvation, parasympathicus)
  • ((muscle relaxants))
  • pain relief
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Different working levels of pain relief

A
  • Local anasethetic
  • anti-inflammatory - periphery
  • morfin and syntetic opiods - centrally
  • calming (benzos)
  • good anasethesia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name some advantages of inhalation anaesthesia

A
  • good control
  • limited biotransformation
  • easy to regulate the depth
  • quick induction and wake up
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name some disadvantages of inhalation anaesthesia

A
  • large investment (equipment)
  • know-how
  • ventilation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name some advantages with injectable drugs

A
  • no special equipment
  • cheap
  • simple techniques
  • no effect on working environment
  • easier for batch anaesthesia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name some disadvantages of injectable drugs

A
  • once a given dose is adminstered, the anaesthetic cannot be changed
  • duration of anaesthetic effect is patient dependent
  • individual variability for a given dose
  • some injectable agents are irritating
  • many lack an antidote
  • often long induction and wake up time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

From where do you take blood samples in a mouse?

A

Tail vein or vena saphena on the hind leg (outside of leg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where do you sample blood in rats?

A

Teil vein or vena saphena on the hind leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where do you sample blood from guinea pig?

A

Vena saphena on the hind leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where do you sample blood from rabbits?

A

The margin vein of the ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name five signs of inflammation

A
  • calor (heat)
  • rubor (redness)
  • tumor (swelling)
  • dolor (pain)
  • functio laesa (loss of function)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name possible causes for inflammation

A
  • infectious: bacteria, virus, fungi or parasites
  • trauma
  • physical or chemical agents
  • foreign body
  • tissue necrosis (ischemic)
  • immune reaction
17
Q

What parameters can you use to recognise pain in animals?

A
  • Behaviour
    • eating
    • drinking
    • activity
    • twiches
    • vocalisation
  • hormonal changes
  • body weight
18
Q

Name some characteristics of the pain face in rabbits

A
  • orbital tightening
  • cheek flattening
  • nose shape
  • whisker position
  • ear position
19
Q

Name some pain face characteristics of mice

A
  • orbital tighetening
  • nose bulge
  • cheek bulge
  • ear position
  • whisker change
20
Q

Name some negative effects of pain

A
  • prolonged wound healing
  • slow recovery with higher chance of post-operative complications
  • wound biting and auto-mutilation
  • higher variability in the experimental group
  • immunological disturbances
  • less water- and food intake
  • less efficient respiration
  • sensitisation –> chronic pain
21
Q

Which properties should acceptable methods of euthanasia process?

A
  • cause rapid loss of consciousness
  • be painless
  • be easy to perform
  • be minimally invasive
22
Q

Name chemical methods for euthanasia

A
  • inhalation anasethetics
  • inhalation (CO2)
  • injection (barbiturates)
23
Q

Name phyisical methods of euthanasia

A
  • cervical dislocation
  • decapitation (anaesthetised animals!)
  • blow to the head
    • crush the brain
  • microwave
24
Q

Which form of euthanasia can be used for all animals?

A

Overdose of anaesthetics and confirm death

25
Q

Name approved euthanaisa methods for mice

A
  • overdose of anaesthetics and confirm death
  • cervical dislocation
  • CO2
26
Q

Name approved euthanaisa methods for rats

A
  • overdose of anaesthetics and confirm death
  • decapitation
  • CO2
27
Q

Name approved euthanaisa methods for rabbit and guinea pig

A
  • overdose of anaesthesia and confirm death
  • blow to the head and bleed out
28
Q

Name approved euthanaisa methods for birds

A
  • Overdose of anaesthetics and confirm death
  • decapitation
  • cervical dislocation
  • blow to the head
  • destroy the brain
29
Q

Name approved euthanaisa methods for fish

A
  • overdose of anaesthetics and confirm death
  • crush < 2cm
  • decapitation
  • blow to the head
  • destroy the brain
30
Q

Name approved euthanaisa methods for amphibians

A
  • decapitation
  • blow to the head
  • destroy the brain
31
Q

euthanasia of young animals

A
  • NOT CO2
  • decapitation with a guillotine or sharp scissors
  • use isoflurane
32
Q

Survival surgeries and basic rules

A
  • minimize pain and distress
  • use aseptic surgical procedures
  • gentle tissue handling
  • anaesthetic maintenance
  • proper post-operative care
33
Q

Name the four stages of anaesthetic depth

A
  1. Ataxia, resistance
  2. excitation
  3. 1 light anaesthesia
    .2 surgical anaesthesia
    .3 deep anaesthesia
    .4 too deep anaesthesia
  4. far too deep anaesthesia
34
Q

Continual observation during surgery

A
  • respiratory pattern
  • colour of skin and mucous membrane
  • responsiveness to manipulations throughout the procedure
  • rectal temperature
  • heart rate and oxygenation if possible during long or invovled procedures
  • fluids
  • position of the animal
  • document findings every 5-15 minutes

Laboratory Animal Science (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions