Genetic Research Flashcards
Who is Gregor Mendel?
The first genetic researcher.
- noted that some traits seemed to be dominant while others were recessive.
- dominant traits are easily expressed in the organisms phenotype.
What are the ways that a phenotype can be programmed?
Some may be programmed by a single gene (Pleiotropic) while others may be influence by a combination of genes (Polygenic).
What are the 2 fundamental laws of Mendelian Inheritance?
Segregation: Traits are either dominant or recessive.
Independence: Varieties of each trait sort independently of each other.
What are the types of genes that don’t follow the law of Mendelian inheritance?
X-Linked genes: Some recessive traits are more prevalently expressed in males as they may not have a dominant allele on their shorter Y chromosome.
Mutations: Mutations can emerge in the population as a result of errors or interreference in typical cell division.
Polygenic traits: They rely on the coding of multiple genes so they may not follow Mendelian laws.
