Genetic Material

Question 1

Griffith

Answer 1

1928 - First to identify genetic material - narrowed down to DNA and protein the discovered transformation - he used mice - proved that DNA was the genetic material

Question 2

Avery

Answer 2

1944 - Repeated Griffiths work and discovered that DNA is the nucleic acid that stores and transmits genetic information from 1 generation to the next

Question 3

Hershey and Chase

Answer 3

1952 - Used bacteriophages and E-Coli to prove that DNA is the genetic material - they injected phosphorus into the bacterium not the sulfur

Question 4

Nucleotide

Answer 4

Subunits of nucleic acid

Question 5

3 parts of a nucleotide

Answer 5

5 carbon sugar
Phosphate group
Nitrogen base

Question 6

RNA nucleotide

Answer 6

sugar ribose, phosphate, nitrogen bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil)

Question 7

DNA nucleotide

Answer 7

deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, nitrogen bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine)

Question 8

Chargaff

Answer 8

Found that the amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine and the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine

Question 9

Chargaff’s rule

Answer 9

C=G and T=A

Question 10

Franklin

Answer 10

Photo 51

Question 11

Photo 51

Answer 11

indicated that DNA was a double helix

Question 12

Watson and Crick

Answer 12

Determined that DNA was a shape of a double helix - they used Franklin’s Photo 51

Question 13

Pyrimidine Bases

Answer 13

Cytosine and Thymine

Question 14

Purine bases

Answer 14

Adenine and Guanine

Question 15

purines and pyrimidines

Answer 15

C + T = G + A : 1 purines has to equal 1 pyrimidines - complementary base pairing

Question 16

Where is DNA molecule found

Answer 16

Cytoplasm - prokaryotes

Nucleus - eukaryotes

Question 17

Chromosomes fitting into a nucleus - how?

Answer 17

DNA coil around beadlike proteins called histones