DNA RNA and protein Flashcards
RNA
sugar ribose, base uracil replaces thymine, and is single stranded
mRNA
messenger - molecules are long strands of RNA nucleotides that are formed complementary to one strand of DNA - travels from nucleus to ribosome
rRNA
ribosomal - associates with proteins to form ribosomes in the cytoplasm
tRNA
transfer - smaller segments of RNA nucleotides that transport amino acids to the ribosome
transcription
synthesizes mRNA from DNA - DNA code is transferred to mRNA in the nucleus
what happens after DNA code is transferred to mRNA
mRNA takes the code into the cytoplasm for protein synthesis
introns
intervening sequences, interrupts the code on DNA
exons
coding sequences that remain in the final mRNA
codon
3 base code in DNA or mRNA
translation
The code is read and translated to make a protein
What happens to the ribosome when mRNA leaves the nucleus
the two parts of the ribosome come together - the subunits
What happens after the two parts of a ribosome come together
The tRNA with the anticodon CAU carrying methionine will move in and bind to the mRNA start codon (AUG)
What is the “groove” called on the ribosome and what happens there
It is called the P site - and that’s where the tRNA that is complementary to mRNA moves in
second groove in a ribosome
A site
