Genetic Community Flashcards
gene
a segment of DNA (on a chromosome) that contains the code for a specific trait
trait
a characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring through the genes
heredity
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
DNA
the material found in all cells that contains genetic information about that organism
chromosome
a thick thread like structure that contains genetic information in the form of DNA
asexual reproduction
a method of reproduction in which all the genes passed on to the offspring come from a single offspring or parent
sexual reproduction
a method of reproduction that involves two parents producing offspring that are genetically different from their parent
clone
an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced
sperm
the male sex cell
egg
a sex cell produced by a female
genetic recombination
the formation of a new combination of genes during sexual reproduction
subunit
the section of a DNA molecule that contains sugar, phosphate, and a base
bond
a chemical link between atoms that hold molecules together
replicate
to copy
template
the pattern for a new molecule
mutation
any alteration in the sequence of DNA
expressed
the way that an unseen gene is seen in an organism as an actual physical trait
genetic engineering
a set of technologies that humans use to alter the genetic instructions of an organism by substituting DNA molecules
biotechnology
combination of technology and biological sciences
selective breeding
the process of choosing a few organisms with desirable traits to serve as the parents of the next generation
