genetic code and translation

Question 1

what is meant by genetic code being degenerate?

Answer 1

most amino acids can be coded for my more than one codon

Question 2

what is meant by genetic code being universal?

Answer 2

same codon can code for same amino acid in all animals/organisms

Question 3

what is initation codon?

Answer 3

AUG - methionine

Question 4

what are 3 stop codons?

Answer 4

UAA, UAG, UGA

Question 5

what is codon for tryptophan?

Answer 5

UGG

Question 6

what did francis crick show?

Answer 6

3 mutations are needed to restore the reading frame

Question 7

what 3 amino acids have 6 codons?

Answer 7

argenine, serine and leucine

Question 8

what part on tRNA does codon attach to?

Answer 8

anticodon

Question 9

what is reading frame?

Answer 9

the grouping of three successive bases in a sequence of DNA that constitutes the codons for the amino acids encoded by the DNA.

Question 10

what are last 3 nucleotides on trna?

Answer 10

CCA

Question 11

how to amino acids attach?

Answer 11

attach by carboxyl group to ribose group by enzyme - aminoacyl-trna synthase +ATP

Question 12

what direction does ribosome moce along mrna strand?

Answer 12

5—->3

Question 13

what happens to amino acid at neutral PH?

Answer 13

turns into a zwitterion

Question 14

what is bond between amino acids?

Answer 14

peptide bond -(covalent) forms by condensation

Question 15

what enzyme catalyses condensation reaction?

Answer 15

peptidyl transferase (in ribosome)

Question 16

what is peptide chain backbone structure?

Answer 16

H3N-c-c-n-c-c-n-c-c-n-c-coo-