Genes and Central Dogma

Question 1

A gene is

Answer 1

a stretch of DNA code that
makes or regulates a protein.

Question 2

DNA

Answer 2

building blocks; enzyme that replicates DNA

In nucleus

Question 3

Genomic DNA

Answer 3

constitutes the total genetic information of an organism

Question 4

RNA

Answer 4

enzyme that transcribes DNA into RNA

Question 5

Pre-mRNA (messenger RNA)

Question 6

SOD1 gene

Answer 6

protein that
fights DNA damage in neurons

ALS

Question 7

ASPM gene

Answer 7

producing new nerve cells

Alterations in this gene can
cause microcephaly

Question 8

Epigenetic

Answer 8

long lasting changes in gene expression without any changes to the
genetic code.

Question 9

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)

Answer 9

a change in just one nucleotide.
It is estimated that the human genome contains more than 10
million different SNPs

Question 10

Single Gene Mutation

Answer 10

Huntington’s disease

Question 11

parkinsons disease

Answer 11

2 or more SNCA gene

Question 12

CNV Copy number variation

Answer 12

10 percent of the human genome is made up of CNVs,
which are large chunks of DNA that are deleted, copied, flipped
or otherwise rearranged in combinations that can be unique for
each individual