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Neurosciences > Generalities and Medulla > Flashcards

Generalities and Medulla Flashcards

1
Q

serve as a seat for ventral part of brainstem

A

clivus

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2
Q

cranial nerves not exiting the brainstem

A

CN1 and CN2

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3
Q

superior to midbrain and serves as the lateral wall of the 3rd ventricle

A

thalamus

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4
Q

part of the thalamus and very important in the limbic system/pathway

A

mamillary bodies

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5
Q

location of the pair of oculomotor nerves and trochlear nerve

A

interpeduncular fossa

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6
Q

carry fibers of descending corticospinal tracts

A

basis pontis

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7
Q

groove or sulcus separating pyramids from olives; attachment of CN XII

A

preolivary sulcus

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8
Q

attachment of CN IX, X, XI; behind olives

A

postolivary sulcus

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9
Q

diencephalic structures and is one of the epithalamus

A

pineal gland

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10
Q

contents of the facial colliculus

A

abducens nucleus and fibers of the facial nerve

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11
Q

location of the hypoglossal trigone in the rostral medulla

A

rostrally

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12
Q

location of the vagal trigone in the rostral medulla

A

below

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13
Q

provides proprioception and discriminative touch for lower extremity

A

nucleus gracilis

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14
Q

provides proprioception and discriminative touch for upper extremity

A

nucleus cuneatus

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15
Q

lower lip of the rhomboid fossa; close proximity to area postrema

A

obex

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16
Q

chemoreceptor trigger zone

A

area postrema

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17
Q

median aperture serving as escape for CSF; lower tip of rhomboid fossa

A

foramen of magendie

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18
Q

lateral aperture serving as escape for CSF; around the pontomedullary junction

A

pair of luschka

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19
Q

houses all of the CN and vital centers of the organs of the body

A

tegmentum

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20
Q

area of decussation of spinothalamic tract

A

spinal cord

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21
Q

area of decussation of corticospinal tract; causes manifestations on contralateral side

A

medulla

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22
Q

area of decussation of the DCML pathway

A

medulla

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23
Q

integrate CN reflexes; influence voluntary movements; slow pain; tegmentum of the brainstem; respiration and sleep

A

the reticular formation

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24
Q

location of respiratory center

A

medulla; caudal part of 4V

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25
Q

location of pneumotaxic center

A

rostral pons

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26
Q

location of apneustic center

A

pons

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27
Q

regulates REM sleep; ventrolateral to locus coeruleus

A

dorsolateral pontine reticular formation

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28
Q

medial to lateral, mnemonic for location of CN nuclei

A

So Much But Always (Be) Someone’S SPecial

somatic motor, brachial motor, preganglionic autonomic, visceral sensory, somatic sensory, special sensory

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29
Q

cranial nerves for visceral motor (parasym)

A

CN 3, 7, 9, 10

30
Q

cranial nerves for visceral sensory

A

CN 7, 9, 10

31
Q

only CN for special sensory

A

CN8

32
Q

nucleus for GVE of CN 3

A

edinger westphal nucleus (EWP)

33
Q

nucleus for GVE of CN 7

A

superior salivatory nucleus (SSN)

34
Q

nucleus for GVE of CN 9

A

inferior salivatory nucleus (ISN)

35
Q

nucleus for GVE of CN 10

A

dorsal motor nucleus of vagus (DMNV)

36
Q

only CN with GSA

A

CN V

37
Q

special sensory nerve for vision and hearing

A

special somatic sensory (SSA)

38
Q

special sensory nerve for smell and taste

A

special visceral sensory (SVA)

39
Q

innervate the glands and all involuntary muscles

A

GVE

40
Q

caudal boundary of the medulla (1)

A

foramen magnum

41
Q

rostral boundary of the medulla

A

inferior pontine sulcus, stria medullaris

42
Q

relay somatic information to the ventral posterior nuclei of the thalamus

A

nucleus gracilis and cuneatus

43
Q

(A or B) appreciated in the caudal medulla (4V or motor decussation)

A

B

44
Q

subserve pain and temperature sensation (face?)

A

spinal trigeminal tract and nucleus

45
Q

decussating fibers coming from the nucleus cuneatus and gracilis going towards the opposite medial lemniscus

A

internal arcuate fibers

46
Q

CN exiting the jugular foramen

A

CN 9, 10, 11

47
Q

most rostral CN in the postolivary sulcus

A

glossopharyngeal

48
Q

SVE of CN9

A

constrictor muscles of the pharynx, stylopharyngeus m.

49
Q

GVE of CN9

A

inferior salivatory nucleus; parotid, buccal and labial glands

50
Q

GSA of CN9

A

sensation of posterior third of tongue, soft palate and tonsils

51
Q

GVA of CN9

A

taste on the posterior third of tongue

52
Q

GVA of CN9 - pressure receptors and chemoreceptors

A

chemoreceptors from carotid body, pressure receptors from carotid sinus

53
Q

wandering nerve; longest

A

vagus nerve CN10

54
Q

SVE of CN10

A

constrictor muscles of the pharynx except stylopharyngeus m.; muscles of soft palate

55
Q

GVE ofCN10

A

parasym from dorsal vagal nucleus; smooth muscles; glands of thoracic and abdominal viscera

56
Q

GSA of CN10

A

sensation of dura in the posterior cranial fossa; external auditory canal

57
Q

SVA from CN10

A

taste from taste buds of the epiglottis

58
Q

GVA of CN10 - pressure receptors and chemoreceptors

A

pressure receptors from aortic arch, chemoreceptors from para-aortic body

59
Q

vagus nerve injury causes

A

uvular paralysis - deviation toward non-paralyzed side

60
Q

CN responsible for gag reflex (afferent and efferent)

A

glossopharyngeal (A); vagus (E)

61
Q

SVE of CN 11

A

innervation of all laryngeal muscles except cricothyroid m.

62
Q

GSE of CN11

A

trapezius and SCM

63
Q

side affected by trapezius paralysis

A

same side

64
Q

side affected by SCM paralysis

A

opposite deviation; toward other side

65
Q

GSE of CN12

A

all muscles of tongue except palatoglossus

66
Q

supranuclear (central) injury of the hypoglossal nerve would cause

A

deviation of tongue away from lesion

67
Q

peripheral injury to the hypoglossal nerve would cause

A

deviation of tongue on affected side

68
Q

location and projection of the dorsal respiratory group (inspiratory drive)

A

middle 1/3 of nucleus tractus solitarius; nucleus ambiguus, diaphragm

69
Q

location and projection of the ventral respiratory group (inspiratory and expiratory drive)

A

nucleus ambiguus and retroambiguus; cord neurons that supply intercostal and abdominal muscles

70
Q

location of the vomiting center

A

anterior to obex; dorsolateral median reticular formation (DMRF)

71
Q

stroke syndrome on the lateral medulla

A

wallenberg (PICA) syndrome

72
Q

stroke syndrome on the medial medulla

A

Dejerine syndrome

Neurosciences (4 decks)

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