Generalities

Question 1

6 Kingdoms in Taxonomy

Answer 1

Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Protista
Fungi
Plantar
Animalia

Question 2

Examples of archaebacteria

Answer 2

Hyperthermophiles
Hyperacidophiles
Halophiles
Methanogens

Question 3

Extremophiles (non-pathogenic)

Answer 3

Hyperthermophiles
Hyperacidophiles
Halophiles

Question 4

Size of ribosome of prokaryotes

Answer 4

70S

50+30S

Question 5

Size of ribosome of eukaryotes

Answer 5

80S

60+40S

Question 6

Present in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes

Answer 6

Cell wall containing peptidoglycan

Question 7

Present in EUKARYOTES but not in prokaryotes

Answer 7

DNA w/in a nuclear membrane
Mitotic division
DNA assoc w/ histones
Membrane-bound organelles

Question 8

Chromosome # in prokaryotes

Answer 8

1

Question 9

Division used by Prokaryotes

Answer 9

Primary fission

Question 10

Antibiotics affecting 30s

Answer 10

tetracyclines

aminoglycosides

Question 11

Antibiotics affecting 50S

Answer 11

Chloramphenicol
Macrolides (Erythromycin)
Lincosamides (Clindamycin)
Linezolid
Streptogramins (Quinupristin-Dalfopristin)

Question 12

Composition of cell wall

Answer 12

Cellulose (fiber)

Chitin

Question 13

Theory wherein an anaerobic prokaryote took up a smaller aerobic prokaryote capable of producing ATP (future mitochondrion) which lived in mutualism

Answer 13

Endosymbiont theory

Question 14

Obligate intracellular but ACELLULAR parasites of plants; naked RNA; no human dses

Answer 14

Viroids

Question 15

Only virus that contains both DNA and RNA

Answer 15

Mimivirus

Question 16

Cell wall component of fungi

Answer 16

Chitin

Question 17

Component of bacterial cell wall

Answer 17

Peptidoglycan

Question 18

Lipid responsible for flexibility of the animal and protozoan membrane

Answer 18

Cholesterol

Question 19

Mobile genetic elements; “jumping genes”

Answer 19

Transposons

Question 20

DNA replication ff by insertion of new copy into another site

Answer 20

Replicative transposition

Question 21

DNA is excised from the site W/O replicating and then inserted into new site

Answer 21

Direct transposition

Question 22

Cellular form of protein PrPc encoded by the host’s chromosomal DNA

Answer 22

Prions

Question 23

PrPc is susceptible to _____ and soluble in _____

Answer 23

proteases; detergent

Question 24

Abnormal prion (PrPsc) has high ____ content

Answer 24

Beta-sheath

Question 25

Prion dse causing appearance of vacuolated neurons w/ loss of fx and lack of immune response or inflamm

Answer 25

Spongiform encephalopathies

Question 26

Major prion disease affecting higher cortical fx

Answer 26

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Question 27

Prion disease presenting w/ cerebellar dysfx

Answer 27

Kuru

Question 28

MOT of prion disease

Answer 28

Contamination
Inherited
Sporadic (most common)

Question 29

Tx for prion disease

Answer 29

No treatment available

Question 30

S/Sx of prion disease

Answer 30

Shivering
Myoclonic jerks
Rapidly progressive dementia

Question 31

Disinfection of neurosurgical tools and electrodes

Answer 31

5% hypochlorite
1 M Na hydroxide
Autoclave for 1 hr

Question 32

Autoclave standards for disinfection

Answer 32

121 C
15 psi
20 mins

Question 33

3 domains in taxonomy

Answer 33

Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya