Generalities Flashcards
6 Kingdoms in Taxonomy
Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protista Fungi Plantar Animalia
Examples of archaebacteria
Hyperthermophiles
Hyperacidophiles
Halophiles
Methanogens
Extremophiles (non-pathogenic)
Hyperthermophiles
Hyperacidophiles
Halophiles
Size of ribosome of prokaryotes
70S
50+30S
Size of ribosome of eukaryotes
80S
60+40S
Present in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes
Cell wall containing peptidoglycan
Present in EUKARYOTES but not in prokaryotes
DNA w/in a nuclear membrane
Mitotic division
DNA assoc w/ histones
Membrane-bound organelles
Chromosome # in prokaryotes
1
Division used by Prokaryotes
Primary fission
Antibiotics affecting 30s
tetracyclines
aminoglycosides
Antibiotics affecting 50S
Chloramphenicol Macrolides (Erythromycin) Lincosamides (Clindamycin) Linezolid Streptogramins (Quinupristin-Dalfopristin)
Composition of cell wall
Cellulose (fiber)
Chitin
Theory wherein an anaerobic prokaryote took up a smaller aerobic prokaryote capable of producing ATP (future mitochondrion) which lived in mutualism
Endosymbiont theory
Obligate intracellular but ACELLULAR parasites of plants; naked RNA; no human dses
Viroids
Only virus that contains both DNA and RNA
Mimivirus
Cell wall component of fungi
Chitin
Component of bacterial cell wall
Peptidoglycan
Lipid responsible for flexibility of the animal and protozoan membrane
Cholesterol
Mobile genetic elements; “jumping genes”
Transposons
DNA replication ff by insertion of new copy into another site
Replicative transposition
DNA is excised from the site W/O replicating and then inserted into new site
Direct transposition
Cellular form of protein PrPc encoded by the host’s chromosomal DNA
Prions
PrPc is susceptible to _____ and soluble in _____
proteases; detergent
Abnormal prion (PrPsc) has high ____ content
Beta-sheath
