General treatment techniques for hemi

Question 1

Apraxia

Answer 1

a disorder of the execution of movement that can’t be attributed to weakness, incoordination or sensory loss, or to poor language comprehension or inattention to commands.

Question 2

Ideomotor apraxia

Answer 2

Inability to carry out purposeful movement on command.

Question 3

Ideational apraxia

Answer 3

difficulty with sequential motor acts: cannot select and put in proper sequence the movements for task completion

ex: pouring a glass of juice

Question 4

Kinetic Limb apraxia

Answer 4

affecting the limbs

Question 5

Facial Oral apraxia

Answer 5

affecting face & mouth

Question 6

Motor impersistence

Answer 6

cannot sustain a motion or action– i.e. ringing a bell

Question 7

Hemiparesis

Answer 7

weakness on one side of the body

Question 8

Hemiplegia

Answer 8

weakness AND sensory loss

Question 9

Clasp Knife: hypertonia

Answer 9

catch and let go

Question 10

Clonus: hyper

Answer 10

alternating contraction of agonist/ antagonist (PF/ DF

Question 11

Babinski hypertonia

Answer 11

when stroking the bottom of the foot, toes fan

Question 12

Decerebrate Posturing

Answer 12

total extension except for wrist

Question 13

Decorticate Posturing

Answer 13

Extended LE and flexed UE tbi, anoxia

Question 14

aphasia: Receptive (Wernickes)

Answer 14

use visual cues (unable to interpret language)

Question 15

Aphasia: Expressive (Brocas)

Answer 15

look at facial expressions and vital signs (unable to produce language)

Question 16

Global aphasia

Answer 16

visual, simple tasks (unable to produce or interpret language)

Question 17

dysarthria

Answer 17

a motor control problem that interferes with articulation

Question 18

Causes of muscle tone problems:theories

Answer 18

Disordered spinal mechanisms:
altered synaptic activity changes the intrinsic electrical properties of the neuron

Disordered supra spinal mechanisms:
facilitation and inhibition of the spinal reflex arc is normally in a delicate balance.
when either effect is altered, changes in muscle tone occur
-increased sensitivity of stretch receptors often accompanied by a “release” of primitive reflexes such as: ATNR, STNR, tonic lab.

Question 19

Modified Ashworth Scale

Answer 19

1:Slight ↑ in muscle tone, manifested by a catch & release or min. resistance at end of ROM when affected extremity is moved in flexion or extension.

1+:Slight ↑ in muscle tone, manifested by a catch followed by minimal resistance throughout the remainder (less than ½) of the ROM.

2: More marked increase in muscle tone throughout most of the ROM but affected part is easily moved.
3: Considerable increase in muscle tone; passive movement is difficult.
4: Affected parts rigid in flexion and extension.

Question 20

Environmental Factors that increase tone

Answer 20

Excessive effort, fear, fatigue, pain
overcompensation by uninvolved parts of the body
emotional stress
primitive reflexes

Question 21

Environmental Factors that decrease tone

Answer 21

positioning, handling
maintenance of normal alignment of body
presence of adequate support
normal movement
primitive reflexes
medications
others?

Question 22

The inability to carry out purposeful movement on command is called:

Answer 22

Ideomotor apraxia

Question 23

An abnormal reflex that involves alternating contraction of agonist/ antagonist is called?

Answer 23

Clonus

Question 24

Repeating words or actions over and over is called:

Answer 24

Perseveration

Question 25

When working to limit the effects of primitive reflexes, you should have the patient:

Answer 25

Hold the head/ neck in neutral position (not flexed, extended or rotated)

Question 26

One strategy to minimize involuntary movements is:

Answer 26

Weight bearing through the extremity