General Surgery: Cardiovascular Flashcards
What helps relieve sx of stable angina?
nitroglycerine
What is the workup for stable angina?
EKG, cardiac stress test, coronary angiography
What is the treatment for stable angina?
Nitroglycerin sublingual, BB, angioplasty and bypass (if severe)
tx for unstable angina?
admit for continuous cardiac monitoring, pain control with NTG and morphine, ASA and/or clopidogrel, BB
A patient presents to the ER with tearing chest pain radiating to his back. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Aortic dissection
back pain, pulsatile mass, hypotension
AAA
What presents with sudden onset tearing chest pain between scapulas, diminished pulses. Chest XR shows widened mediastinum
Aortic dissection
Which type of aortic dissection is treated with BB and which one is treated as a surgical emergency
BB = descending aorta. Emergency= ascending aorta
what is the gold standard for eval for aortic dissection?
MRI angiograph
What are the classic signs/ symptoms of acute arterial occlusion?
Pain, Paralysis, Pallor, Paresthesia, Polar (some say Poikilothermia), and Pulselessness
What is the most common cause of embolus from the heart?
Afib
What is the gold standard for arterial embolism/thrombosis?
angiography
what is the tx of choice for an arterial occlusion?
embolectomy
Are ulcers from arterial insufficiency painful or painless?
painful
an Ankle-brachial index of what indicated significant disease?
</9
These are relatively painless and are surrounded by brown-stained skin and/or dry, itchy and reddened skin
venous ulcers
