General Semantics Flashcards

1
Q

I.A. Richards

A

argued that communication studies should also include the listener.

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2
Q

Rhetoric scope, goal and emphasis

A

Scope: Public rhetoric
Goal: How to persuade
Emphasis: Speaker/source

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3
Q

Semantics scope, goal and emphasis

A

Scope: Everyday communication between people
Goal: How to avoid misunderstandings
Emphasis: Listeners/receivers

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4
Q

What does the semantic triangle demonstrate?

A

That there is no natural, absolute connection between the symbol and the referent. (dotted line)

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5
Q

What does the ladder of abstraction do?

A

Proves the abstractness of symbols.

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6
Q

Symbols are ambiguous because

A

their meanings change and are unclear.

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7
Q

Context refers to what?

A

1) history between the communicators
2) setting of the communication
3) thoughts and feelings of the communicators.

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8
Q

What are 4 ways to be clearer when communicating according to I.A. Richards?

A

1) Intensional v.s. extensional orientation –> words v.s. reality –> words are misleading so check your facts.
2) Etc. –> a reminder of all the variable meanings our words have.
3) Indexing –> reminder that meanings change over time and circumstance
4) Feedforwarding –> plan our communication

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9
Q

Intensional Orientation

A

What’s inside of us, our own definitions.

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10
Q

Extensional Orientation

A

Based on observation

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11
Q

Indexing

A

Meanings vary and change over time and circumstance

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12
Q

Etc.

A

A reminder of all the variable meanings our words have

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13
Q

Feedforwarding

A

The process of anticipating the effects of communication and adapting to these anticipated effect before actually communicating with others.

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