General Principles

Question 1

Transmembrane movement

Answer 1

Diffusion through lipid membranes and aqueous protein channels in the cell membrane

Question 2

Basic drugs ionize in (acidic/basic) environments.

Answer 2

Basic drugs ionize in (acidic/basic) environments.

Question 3

Lipid/Water Partition Coefficient

Answer 3

Measure of the diffusional mobility of a particular molecule

Question 4

pKa is equal to

Answer 4

pKa is equal to the pH of the medium at which the dissolved drug is 50% ionized and 50% nonionized

Question 5

Gene that encodes the permeability glycoprotein system (p-gp)

Answer 5

MDR-1 / ABCB-1 Gene

Question 6

Secondary Active Transport

Answer 6

Uses stored energ in the Na electrochemical gradient generated by using ATP

Question 7

Paracellular movement

Answer 7

Diffusion through intercellular aqueous channels

Question 8

The cell membrane is composed of a

Answer 8

The cell membrane is composed of a lipid bilayer and embeded proteins

Question 9

Most drugs are (weak/strong) acids or bases

Answer 9

Most drugs are (weak/strong) acids or bases

Question 10

Membranes are more permeable to (nonionized/ionized) forms of drugs.

Answer 10

Membranes are more permeable to (nonionized/ionized) forms of drugs.

Question 11

Components of the ADME process

Answer 11

Absorption

Distribution

Metabolism

Elimination

Question 12

Permeability glycoprotein system (P-gp)

Answer 12

Drug transporter that removes drugs after being absorbed into specific cells or tissue sites

___________________

Associated with the multple drug resistance family

Question 13

Active transport

Answer 13

Carrier-mediated transport, movement is against the gradient and requires energy

Question 14

Drug Efflux

Answer 14

Membrane pump that “bounces” drug out of a cell

Question 15

Ion Trapping

Answer 15

Weak acids are absorbed from an acidic environment and sequestered in an alkaline medium

______________

Weak bases are absorbed from an alkaline environment and sequestered in an acidic environment

Question 16

Transport mechanisms across cell membranes

Answer 16

Simple/Passive Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion (Passive Transport)

Active Transport

Pinocytosis

Question 17

Ionization equation for a weak acid

Answer 17

pKa = pH + log N/I

Question 18

Acidic drugs ionize in (acidic/basic) environments.

Answer 18

Acidic drugs ionize in (acidic/basic) environments.

Question 19

Ionization equation for a weak base

Answer 19

pKa = pH + log I/N

Question 20

Disposition

Answer 20

Study of movment of drugs across biological membranes in the body from teh time of absorption until elimination

Question 21

Pinocytosis

Answer 21

Type of endocytosis, drug binds to the surface of the membrane that then invaginates and interiorizes the drug, requires ATP

Question 22

Channel Mediated

Answer 22

Transport across the membrane involves opening of ion channel proteins

Question 23

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 23

Movement with the concentration gradient, no energy required

Question 24

What are the factors that determine whether a drug will pass through a membrane

Answer 24

pKa

Ionization

Solubility

pH of medium

Question 25

Carrier-Mediated Transport

Answer 25

Transfer of substance across the membrane involves attachment to a specific macromolecular carrier

Question 26

Movement with a concentration gradient moves from

Answer 26

Movement with a concentration gradient moves from high to low concentration

Question 27

Primary Active Transport

Answer 27

Uses energy directly from ATP