Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

High - Infections > General principles > Flashcards

General principles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the general symptoms of infections?

A
  • Inflammation, swelling + pus
  • Confusion in elderly
  • Worsening renal function
  • Bio markers: INC CRP, ESR, temp, resp, glucose, DEC bp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the side effects of antibiotics?

A

Gastrointestinal: N, V + D (Taken after food (erythromycin))

Superinfection:
- Candidiasis
- Colitis: Most seen in clindamycin + broad spec (amoxicillin, 3rd + 4th generation cephalosporins and quinolones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give examples of narrow spectrum abx

A

selected: less resistance

  • Clindamycin
  • Metronidazole
  • Trimethoprim
  • Phenoxymethylpenicillin
  • Linezolid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give examples of broad spec abx

A

variety: serious infections
- Aminoglycosides
- Amoxicillin
- Quinolones
- Tetracyclines
- Cephalosporins
- Carbapenems
- Chloramphenicol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Penicillin allergy

A
  • Cross sensitive: cephalosporins + beta lactams
  • Alt: Macrolides + Metronidazole (dental infection)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tetracyclines and children

A
  • Avoid tetracyclines under 12 years old
  • Discolours teeth + deposit in growing bones
  • Except: doxycycline + lymecycline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Quinolones in children/pregnancy

A

Causes joint diseases (arthritis in weight bearing joints)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are elderly at higher risk of when using abx?

A
  • Abx associated colitis
  • Renal + liver impairment
  • Drug interactions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which abx are nephrotoxic?

A
  • Aminoglycoside + glycopeptide
  • Avoid tetracyclines in RI as they accumulate (except minocycline + doxycycline)
  • Caution: nitrofurantoin (relies on renal clearance -need certain GFR, also risk of peripheral neuropathy in RI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which abx are hepatotoxic?

A

tetracyclines + rifampicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which abx causes cholestatic jaundice?

A

co-amoxiclav + flucoxacillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pregnancy and abx

A
  • Can give: penicillins + cephalosporins
  • Avoid: tetracyclines (discolour teeth + deposit in growing bones), trimethoprim (teratogenic) + nitrofurantoin (at term)
  • Avoid Q-CAM: quinolones (arthropathy), chloramphenicol (grey baby), aminoglycosides (injection) + metronidazole
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bacteria: Staphylococci

A
  • Impetigo + cellulitis
  • Abx: Flucoxacillin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bacteria: MRSA

A
  • Abx: Vancomycin (OR teicoplanin) (OR linezolid - certain infections)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bacteria: Streptococci

A
  • Sore throat
  • Abx: Benzylpenicillin (for serious infections, phenoxymethylpenicillin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bacteria: Anaerobic bacteria (dental infections)

A

Abx: Metronidazole

17
Q

Bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Abx: Gentamicin, antipseudomonal penicillin

High - Infections (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions