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Rapid Fire Facts > General Pathology > Flashcards

General Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Common tumors that metastasize to bone.

A 
Permanently Relocated Tumors Love Bone. 
P = Prostate
R = Renal cell carcinoma
T = Thyroid / testicular cancer
L = Lung
B = Brain
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2
Q

What type of injury do tennis players get?

A

Lateral epicondylitis

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3
Q

What type of injuries do golf players get?

A

Medial epicondylitis

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4
Q

What structures are at risk for injury with anterior shoulder dislocation?

A 
Axillary n.
posterior circumflex artery
Glenoid labrum (Bankart lesion)
Supraspinatus tendon
Anterior glenohumoral ligament
Posterolateral humoral head (Hill Sachs lesion)
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5
Q

Which neurotransmitters are altered in anxiety?

A

NE increased
5-HT decreased
GABA decreased

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6
Q

Which neurotransmitters are altered in Depression?

A

NE decreased
Dopamine decreased
5-HT decreased

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7
Q

Which neurotransmitters are altered in Huntington’s?

A

Dopamine increased
ACh decreased
GABA decreased

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8
Q

Which neurotransmitters are altered in Alzheimers?

A

ACh decreased

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9
Q

Which neurotransmitters are altered in Parkinsons?

A

Dopamine decreased

ACh increased

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10
Q

Fabry disease

Enzyme deficient, substrate, inheritance pattern, symptoms.

A

Alpha-galactosidase A
Ceramide trihexoside
XLR
Peripheral neuropathy, angiokeratomas, cardiovascular disease, renal failure, tiny painless papule on abdomen and lower trunk.

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11
Q

Gaucher Disease

Enzyme deficient, substrate, inheritance pattern, symptoms.

A

Glucocerebrosidase
Glucocerebroside
AR
hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, osteoporosis, septic necrosis of femur, bone crises

Gaucher cells –> crumpled tissue paper

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12
Q

Niemann-Pick Disease

Enzyme deficient, substrate, inheritance pattern, symptoms.

A

Sphingomyelinase
Sphingomyelin
AR

Progressive neurodegeneration / hepatosplenomegaly / Cherry red spot on macula
Ataxia, dysarthria, dysphagia, worsening of int. function

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13
Q

Tay-Sachs disease

Enzyme deficient, substrate, inheritance pattern, symptoms.

A

Hexosaminidase
GM2 Ganglioside
AR

Progressive neurodegeneration / Cherry red spot on macula

Lysosomes with onion skin

NO HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY –> differentiate from Niemann-Pick

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14
Q

Krabbe Disease

Enzyme deficient, substrate, inheritance pattern, symptoms.

A

galactocerebrosidase
Galactocerebroside / psychosine
AR

peripheral neuropathy / optic atrophy, seizures / globoid cells

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15
Q

Metachromatic leukodystrophy

Enzyme deficient, substrate, inheritance pattern, symptoms.

A

Arylsulfatase A
Cerebroside sulfate
AR

Central and peripheral demyelination / ataxia, dementia

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16
Q

Hurler syndrome

Enzyme deficient, substrate, inheritance pattern, symptoms.

A

alpha-L-iduronidase
Heparan sulfate / dermatan sulfate
AR

Developmental delay / gargoylism / airway obstruction / corneal clouding / hepatosplenomegaly

17
Q

Hunters syndrome

Enzyme deficient, substrate, inheritance pattern, symptoms.

A

Iduronate sulfatase
Heparan sulfate / dermatan sulfate
XLR

Mild hurlers syndrome / aggressive behavior / NO corneal clouding

18
Q

What are the X-linked recessive disorders?

A

Oblivious Female Will Give Her Boys Her x-Linked Disorders

Ocular albinism / Ornithine Trascarbamoylase deficiency
Fabrys 
Wiskott aldrich
G6PD deficiency
Hemophelia A and B 
Bruton Agammaglobulinemia 
Hunter syndrome
Lesch nyhan
Duchenne (and Becker) muscular dystrophy
19
Q

Intranuclear inclusions seen in herpes simplex encephalitis

A

Cowdry Type A

20
Q

Cytoplasmic inclusions pathognomonic of rabies

A

Negri Bodies

21
Q

Neuronal inclusions characteristic of Parkinson disease

A

Lewy Bodies

22
Q

Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies associated with aging

A

Lipofuschin granules

23
Q

Dark cytoplasmic pigment in neurons of the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus, not seen in patients with Parkinson

A

Melanin

24
Q

Eosinophilic, rod-like inclusions in hippocampus of Alzheimer patients

A

Hirano bodies

25
Q

Diagnostic of Alzeheimer disease

A

Neurofibrillary plaques and tangles

26
Q

Filamentous inclusions that stain with silver, do not survive neuronal death

A

Pick bodies

27
Q

Filamentous inclusions that stain with PAS and ubiquitin

A

Lewy bodies

Rapid Fire Facts (13 decks)

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