General Metalanguage

Question 1

Politeness Strategies

Answer 1

The language choices made to show consideration towards others, or a knowledge of social norms and expectations.

Question 2

Positive Politeness

Answer 2

The strategies used to create a build social harmony between interlocutors. Such as: emphasising similarity, showing interest, humour, compliments, or inclusive language.

Question 3

Negative Politeness

Answer 3

The strategies used to reduce imposition on the other interlocutor. Such as: Hedging, indirect/ambiguous language, low modality verbs, use of politeness markers, or apologies.

Question 4

Positive and Negative Face

Answer 4

The concept that everyone has a want to be liked and feel like they belong (positive), but that they also want to maintain their own free will and autonomy (negative).

Question 5

Euphemism

Answer 5

Words that are used in place of a blunt/taboo word or phrase, to lessen a negative impact.

Question 6

Dysphemism

Answer 6

Words that are used to magnify a particular blunt/taboo word or phrase, to increase the impact of a statement.

Question 7

Jakobson’s Functions

Answer 7

Referential, Phatic, Emotive, Conative, Metalinguistic, Poetic.

Question 8

Standard English

Answer 8

The variety of English that represents the established variety of written and spoken English.

Question 9

Register

Answer 9

Stylistic variation of language, that relates to language features and levels of formality.

Question 10

Tenor

Answer 10

The relationship between the participants of an exchange.