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FF1 Exam 2 > General Lymphatic System > Flashcards

General Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the lymphatic system responsible for?

A

Immune defense

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2
Q

What type of cells are responsible for support in the lymphatic system?q

A

Reticular cells

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3
Q

What do NK cells and T/B lymphocytes do in the lymphatic system?

A

Protect

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4
Q

What are two functions of vessels in the lymphatic system?

A
  • return tissue fluid to circulating blood
  • Create plasma
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5
Q

List the 4 organs of the Lymphatic System

A
  • Thymus
  • Spleen
  • Lymphoepithelial structures (MALT, tonsils)
  • Lymph and hemal nodes
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6
Q

Where are lymphocytes produced?

A

In germinal centers in cortex of LN

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7
Q

Filtration is the function of?

A

LN

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8
Q

Which organ of the lymphatic system stores blood, removes particles, produces lymphocytes and destroys used erythrocytes?

A

Spleen

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9
Q

Describe the function of the thymus and what happens to it during life

A

It involutes with age. Its function is to train and develop T-lymphocytes and produce thymosins

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10
Q

What are thymosins?

A

Antibody stimulating hormones

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11
Q

What is the function of the Circulatory System?

A

Transport blood and lymph to/from tissues

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12
Q

The heart, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels are all structures associated with which body system?

A

Circulatory System

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13
Q

Describe some similarities of the lymph vessels compared to blood vessels

A
  • T. Adventitia
  • One directional flow thanks to valves (like some veins)
  • endothelium
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14
Q

What are 2 differences of lymphatic vessels compared to blood vessels?

A
  • no T. Media
  • All lymphatic vessels have valves
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15
Q

Lymph capillaries have adjacent cells joined by what 3 types of junctions?

A

Interdigitations, simple overlapping and adhering

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16
Q

What allows extra cellular fluid to flow in but not out in lymph capillaries?

A

Flap-like valves

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17
Q

Define Lymphedema

A

Acute or chronic build up of lymph fluid due to an obstruction in a vessel

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18
Q

The lymphatic system filters out before dropping back in the circulatory system where?

A

Right before the heart in a vein (caudal vena cava)

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19
Q

A lymph node will have multiple Afferent vessels and ____________ efferent

A

Only one with an artery and vein

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20
Q

What are 3 clinically significant issues associated with LN?

A
  • Lymphadenopathy - enlargement
  • Lymphadenitis - infection caused by an agent
  • LN tumors
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21
Q

Which center is responsible for the parotid and mandibular center drainage?

A

Medial and Lateral Retropharyngeal Center behind the pharynx

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22
Q

What structures does the parotid center drain lymph from?

A

Dorsal head - skin, dorsal skull, orbit, masticatory m

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23
Q

The lower jaw (muzzle, salivary glands, tongue, etc) are drained by the ______________ center

A

Mandibular

24
Q

What are the 3 centers that drain the neck from lymph?

A

Superficial cervical, deep cervical and tracheal trunk

25
Q

The axillary center and right lymphatic duct drain what area of lymph?

A

Forelimb

26
Q

What is the major lymph collecting channel?

A

Thoracic duct

27
Q

Which forelimb lymph drainage arises from cisterna chyli?

A

Thoracic duct

28
Q

What are the 3 lymph drainage centers of the hindlimb, pelvis, and abdominal wall?

A

Lumbar aortic
Medial iliac
Hypogastric

29
Q

The lumbar, celiac, cranial/caudal mesenteric, cisterna chyli, popliteal and lumbar trunks drain lymph from which 2 areas?

A

Abdominal Viscera and Loins

30
Q

List the 3 primary Lymphoid organs

A
  • thymus
  • Bone marrow
  • Fabricius bursa in birds
31
Q

What primary lymphoid organ is responsible for production of B-lymphocytes in birds?

A

Fabricius bursa

32
Q

Describe where are T and B lymphocytes produces in primary lymphoid organs

A

T lymphocytes - Thymus
B lymphocytes - Bone marrow

33
Q

Are the lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen primary or peripheral lymph organs?

A

Peripheral

34
Q

Where do lymphatic capillaries originate from?

A

Lacteals

35
Q

What is another name for lymph and it is similarly composed to ?

A

Chyle. Similar composed to plasma

36
Q

List the 5 structures of the lymph node

A
  • Medulla
  • cortex
  • subscapular sinus
  • follicle
  • paracortex
37
Q

List the 5 structures of the lymph nodes

A
  • Medulla
  • cortex
  • subscapular sinus
  • follicle
  • paracprtex
38
Q

In the lumen of the subscapular sinus of a LN, which structure slows lymph flow?

A

Stellate reticular

39
Q

Which follicle of the LN has a germinal center?

A

Secondary follicle

40
Q

Describe lymphocyte homing

A

When lymphocytes re-enter the lymphoid organs through endothelial vessels

41
Q

What increases the chance of a lymphocyte of finding its target?

A

Circulation btw blood and lymph of lymphocytes

42
Q

Which lymphoid organ is in charge of maturation and activation of lymphocytes?

A

Lymph nodes

43
Q

The largest lymphatic organ is the _______________

A

Spleen

44
Q

Which pulp in the spleen surrounds and follows central arteries?

A

White pulp

45
Q

In white pulp of the spleen, what is the T-cell dominant tissue around the central Arterioles called?

A

Periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS)

46
Q

Describe the red pulp of the spleen

A

Spongy red mass composed of splenic sinuses and cords

47
Q

What WBC is present in red pulp of the spleen?

A

Macrophages

48
Q

Describe the primary role of macrophages

A

Remove damaged erythrocytes and iron metabolism

49
Q

What is a common invasive cancer that can give way to splenic or cardiac tumors, is prevalent in large breed dogs, and causes blood vessel branching and even rupture?

A

Hemangiosarcoma

50
Q

Which lymphoid organ is fully formed at birth and involutes with puberty?

A

Thymus

51
Q

Multipotent T cell go through which 2 differentiating to become what in the thymus?

A

Thymic Nurse cells and Epithelioreticular cells

52
Q

There are ____ Epithelioreticular cells

A

6

53
Q

Which ERC of the thymus expresses MHC I and II antigens?

A

II

54
Q

Which ERC regulates T-lymphocyte selection in the thymus?

A

V

55
Q

Why are cortical capillaries impermeable to macromolecules in the thymus?

A

Blood Thymus Barrier in the thymus cortex

FF1 Exam 2 (7 decks)

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