Blood & Bone Marrow

Question 1

Define blood

Answer 1

Fluid connective tissue

Question 2

What is the extracellular component of blood?

Answer 2

Plasma and Fibrinogen

Question 3

What test can be used to differentiate WBC in a monolayer ?

Answer 3

Peripheral Blood Smear

Question 4

What are the 3 cellular components of blood?

Answer 4

Erythrocytes, Leukocytes and thrombocytes

Question 5

Describe erythrocytes (RBCs)

Answer 5

Eosinophilic
Anucleate
Biconcave disk

Question 6

What is the name of the polychromatic stain used to see Leukocytes?

Answer 6

Wrights Giemsa Stain

Question 7

What are the 2 classifications of leukocytes?

Answer 7

Granulocytes and Agranulocytes

Question 8

What leukocytes are classified as agranulocytes?

Answer 8

Monocytes and Lymphocytes

Question 9

Which granulocyte stains neutral, has specific and azurophilic, and tertiary granules and is known for toxic granulation ? They are also associated with severe burns and cancer

Answer 9

Neutrophils

Question 10

Describe eosinophils and what they are associated with

Answer 10

Acidophilic, have specific granules with proteins that kill protozoans, and they are associated with parasitic infections and allergic reactions

Question 11

Which type of granulocyte is associated with hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis ?

Answer 11

Basophils - heparin and histamine in granules

Question 12

Lymphocytes are what type of cell?

Answer 12

Plasma cells that can be reactive or atypical

Question 13

Which are the largest type of WBCs?

Answer 13

Monocytes

Question 14

Where should there not be circulating plasma cells?

Answer 14

Peripheral blood

Question 15

What are monocytes the precursor of?

Answer 15

Mononuclear phagocytic system (histiocytes-CT, osteoclasts-bone, Langerhan cell-skin)

Question 16

What is the name of the antigen-presenting monocytes? They present to T-cells

Answer 16

Macrophages

Question 17

What is the name of the antigen-presenting monocytes? They present to T-cells

Answer 17

Macrophages

Question 18

Define platelets and their function

Answer 18

Cytoplasmic fragments from megakaryocytes in bone marrow.
Function: surveillance of blood vessels for damage

Question 19

How many days do platelets circulate the bloodstream approximately?

Answer 19

10 days

Question 20

What is the process of blood formation called that helps maintain constant blood cell levels in peripheral blood?

Answer 20

Hematopoiesis

Question 21

List the 3 processes of hematopoiesis

Answer 21

Erythropoiesis, Leukopoiesis, Thrombopoiesis

Question 22

Platelet formation process is _______________

Answer 22

Thrombopoiesis

Question 23

When does hematopoiesis start in life?

Answer 23

Early embryonic life (first month the yolk sac takes over RBC formation)

Question 24

Where would you find red bone marrow?

Answer 24

On the outside near the cortex

Question 25

A stem cell can differentiate into what two cells in the bone marrow?

Answer 25

Myeloid and Limphoid

Question 26

Explain how red vs yellow bone marrow is seen in animal

Answer 26

In young animals, there is more red bone marrow and in adults, you’d find more yellow bone marrow due to higher fat

Question 27

What are neutrophils called in non-mammalian blood?

Answer 27

Heterophils