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Antibiotics > General info > Flashcards

General info Flashcards

1
Q

In CAP situations, what should be done before prescribing antibiotics?

A

Sputum cultures…

If there is not enough sputum, test for urine antigens

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2
Q

Are carbapenems broad or narrow spectrum?

A

Broad

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3
Q

Is chlorampenicol broad or narrow spectrum? Bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

A

Broad

Bacteriostatic

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4
Q

Is penicillin (beta-lactams) broad or narrow spectrum? Bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

A

Narrow

Bactericidal

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5
Q

Are 3rd gene fluoroquinolones broad or narrow spectrum?

A

Broad

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6
Q

Are lincosamides (lincomycin, clindamycin) broad or narrow spectrum?

A

Narrow… usually staph or strep infections

Bind 23S subunit of rRNA… cause premature disassociation

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7
Q

Which generation of cephalosporins aren’t broad spectrum?

A

1st generation

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8
Q

Are glycopeptides (vancomycin) broad or narrow spectrum?

A

Narrow… gram+

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9
Q

Are streptogramins broad or narrow spectrum?

A

Narrow… vanco-resistant staph a or vanco-resistant enterococcus

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10
Q

Are tetracyclines broad or narrow spectrum? Bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

A

Broad

Bacteriostatic

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11
Q

Is rifamycin broad or narrow spectrum?

A

Narrow…mycobacterium

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12
Q

Are macrolides broad or narrow spectrum?

A

Broad…empirically used for CAP if NO antibiotics in last three months

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13
Q

What is used to empirically treat CAP if the patient has used antibiotics in the last three months?

A

Almost any of them

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14
Q

How is strep pneumo resistant to penicillin?

A

Mutation in penicillin binding protein

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15
Q

How is strep pneumo resistant to macrolides?

A

Change in binding site

Efflux

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16
Q

Are doxycycline and ketolides concentration-dependent or time-dependent?

A

Concentration-dependent

17
Q

How should pseudomonas aeruginosa infections be treated?

A

Two antibiotics including:

Piperacillin/tazobactam, Cefepime (4th gen), Imipenem/Cilastatin

18
Q

Why are pseudomonas infections treated with two antibiotics?

A

They form a biofilm

Antibiotics (4 decks)

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