General facts 3 Flashcards
What are the most common oral tumours in dogs?
peripheral ossifying fibroma
Are most tumours in dogs benign or metastatic?
about 50% of both
What must be examined about an oral tumour for definitive diagnosis?
histology
Where does the oral lymphatic drainage drain to?
submandibular lymph nodes
Which oral tumour in dogs and cats histologically appears to have engulfed epithelial cells?
peripheral ossifying fibroma
How do peripheral ossifying fibromas appear on radiograph?
they can be very radiodense because they can develop a lot of bone
What is a defining feature of the histology of ancanthomatous ameloblastoma?
fingerlike projections of epithelium diving into the stoma
What oral tumour is quite radiosensitive?
Acanthomatous ameloblastoma
What is another name for ancanthomatous ameloblastoma?
basal cell carcinoma
What is the main physical presentation of epulides?
smooth
Can acanthomatous ameloblastomas invade into the alveolar bone?
yes
What are the three types of SCC?
gingival SCC
tonsilar SCC
soft tissue SCC
What are three features of the gross appearance of SCC tumours?
irregular
proliferative
ulcerative
What cancer can SCC be confused with if it becomes invasive?
osteosarcoma
What is the prognosis of gingival SCC in cats?
poor
What SCC tumours have a good prognosis in dogs?
rostral gingival SCC
What dog breeds suffer most often from oral fibrosarcoma?
retrievers
What are two characteristics of fibrosarcoma?
smooth
broad base
What sex of dog is more predisposed to oral malignant melanomas?
males
What 3 breeds of dog are predisposed to oral malignant melanomas?
spaniel
pug
poodle
What two places in the mouth are malignant melanomas commonly found?
gums
hard palate
Is bone invasion more likely with melanomas or fibrosarcomas?
fibrosarcomas
What is the most common tumour associated with the tongue of dogs and cats?
squamous cell carcinoma
What region of the tongue do SCCs often arise?
in the area of the frenulum
Can radiotherapy be used to treat SCC on the tongue?
no
What is the prognosis for SCC on the tongue?
poor
What drug should be used to manage lingual SCC?
NSAIDs
What is the most common type of tumour seen on the tonsils?
SCC
What dog breeds are predisposed to tonsilar SCC?
Border Collies
What dog breeds are predisposed to gingival hyperplasia?
boxers
What is an oral tumour seen in young terriers which could be confused with osteosarcoma?
craniomandibular osteopathy?
How should craniomandibular osteopathy be treated?
NSAIDs
Are oesophageal tumours common in cats and dogs?
no
What worm can cause oesophageal tumours in cats and dogs?
spirocerca lupi
What are the four types of tumour which can be found int the oesophagus?
leiomyosarcoma
squamous cell carcinoma
fibrosarcoma
osteosarcoma
What pathology can occur due to the regurgitation caused by oesophageal tumours?
secondary aspiration pneumonia
What breeds of dog are predisposed to gastric adenocarcinoma?
Belgian Shepherd dogs
What two places in the stomach do adenocarcinomas often arise?
lesser curvature
pyloric antrum
What three places can gastric tumours metastasise to?
gastroduodenal lymph nodes
splenic lymph nodes
abdominal organs
What is the most common gastric tumour type in cats?
lymphoma
Are cats which get gastric tumours usually FeLV positive or negative?
negative
What are two clinical signs of cats with lymphoma?
vomiting
weight loss
Is Helicobacter thought to be a cause of gastric tumours?
not really
What can be caused if a gastric adenocarcinoma perforates the stomach wall?
peritonitis
Where do gastric adenocarcinomas most often arise in the stomach?
pyloric antrum
What appearance can the vomit caused by gastric tumours have?
‘coffee ground’
What gastric tumour may respond to chemotherapy?
lymphoma
Tumours in what region of the stomach are not appropriate for surgical resectomy?
lesser curvature
What antiemetic can be given at a symptomatic treatment of gastic tumour induced vomiting?
maropitant
What are two H2 antagonists which can be used to manage gastric tumours?
cimetidine
ranitidine
Are intestinal tumours more common in cats or dogs?
cats
What breed of cat has an increased risk of intestinal adenocarcinoma?
Siamese
In what part of the intestines do dogs usually get tumours?
distal 1/3 of colon and rectum
In what three regions of the intestines do cats usually get tumours?
ileocaecocolic junction
jejunum
ileum
What type of tumour is most common in a cats large intestine?
adenocarcinoma
What could leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas in dogs be reclassified as?
Gastro-Intestinal Stromal Tumours (GIST)
Which lymphoma is recognised as diffuse, infiltrating disease?
low grade, epitheliotrophic T cell lymphoma
What are two clinical signs of large intestinal neoplasia?
constipation
tenesmus
What two drugs could low grade lymphoma in cats be treated with?
chlorambucil
prednisolone
What are the three types of perianal tumour?
perianal gland tumour
apocrine gland tumour of anal sac
apocrine gland tumour around anus
What breed of dog is predisposed to apocrine gland tumour?
English Cocker Spaniels
What three places can apocrine adenocarcinomas of the anal sac metastasise to?
lymph nodes
lungs
abdominal organs
What is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with apocrine adenocarcinomas?
hypercalcaemia
What are two signs of hypercalcaemia?
polyuria
polydispsia
What are the two ways of treating apocrine adenocarcinomas of the anal sac and anus?
surgery
radiotherapy
What are the three morphological subtypes of liver tumour?
massive
nodular
diffuse
What type of liver tumours tend to be massive?
hepatocellular carcinoma
What is the main differential for nodular lesions in the liver?
benign nodular hyperplasia
What two dog breeds are predisposed to tumours of the exocrine pancreas?
cocker spaniels
boxers