General Chemistry- Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
matter is neither created or destroyed.
The Law of Definite Proportions
When studying the same substance, regardless of origin, you’ll get the same ratio.
Ex: Water bottle from Japan vs USA
The Law of Multiple Proportions
Atoms of one element combine with the the other.
What are Isotopes?
Same # of protons but different # of neutrons.
What are the 4 components of Dalton’s Atomic Theory
- Elements are composed of atoms
- Atoms of an element each have the same mass
- Atoms combine in whole-number ratios to form compounds.
- Atoms of one element cannot change into atoms of another.
What is the mass of an Atom?
Mass of Protons & Neutrons
What are positively charged ions called?
Cations
What are negatively charged ions called?
Anions
Periodic Table: Group
Vertical column
Periodic Table: Period
Horizontal row
What are the main group elements?
1-2, first 2 vertical columns, 13-18 last 6 vertical columns
What are the transition elements?
Middle columns (3-12)
What are the inner transition metals?
Bottom Period, 57-103
What are the Alkali Metals?
1A Elements (They lose an electron)
What are the Alkaline Earth Metals?
2A Elements
