General Anesthesia

Question 1

Anesthesia triad

Answer 1

1. unconsciousness
2. analgesia
3. muscle relaxation

Question 2

ASA Status

Answer 2

I: healthy animal (ex: OHE)
II: mild systemic disease (ex: fracture without shock)
III: moderate systemic disease (anemia dehydration)
IV: severe systemic disease (GDV, colic)
V: moribund

Question 3

When is hydromorphone contraindicated?

Answer 3

• Addison’s
• hypothyroidism
• severe renal insufficiency
• geriatric and severely debilitated patients
• head trauma
• deep corneal ulcer

Question 4

Which diseases is secondary hypertension associated with?

Answer 4

• Cushing’s (dogs)
• Hyperthyroidism (cats)
• Pheochromocytoma
• renal disease

Question 5

How much pressure in an oxygen tank? E tank? H tank?

Answer 5

E tank: 1900 psi

H tank: 2200 psi

Question 6

Cushing’s Triad

Answer 6

1. bradycardia
2. hypertension
3. irregular breathing

Question 7

Components of the blood brain barrier

Answer 7

1. endothelium
2. basement membrane
3. astrocytes
4. tight junctions

Question 8

normal CVP in dogs and cats

Answer 8

0-10 cm H20

Question 9

normal CVP in horses: dorsal vs lat

Answer 9

dorsal: 5-10 cm H20
lat: 15-25 cm H20

Question 10

calculating mean pressure

Answer 10

1/3 (sys-dia) + diastolic

Question 11

if bp cuff is too loose, pressure measures —-

Answer 11

LOWER

Question 12

soda lime conversion ***

Answer 12

Co2+ water –> Carbonic acid+ Ca-OH –> calcium carbonate

***heat and water are generated

Question 13

Factors that increase MAC

Answer 13

1. hyperthermia
2. ephedrine
3. possible opioids in horses

Question 14

Factors that decrease MAC

Answer 14

1. hypothermia
2. hypoxemia
3. hypercapnia
4. anemia
5. sick animals
6. geriatric/pediatrics
7. pregnancy/ C section

Question 15

MAC-sparing drugs

Answer 15

1. opioids
2. alpha 2s
3. nitrous oxide