Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
MoA of acepromazine
A
- hypotension
- vasodilation
- bradycardia
2
Q
Pros of Acepromazine
A
- lowers seizure threshold
- anti-emetic
- ant-histaminic
3
Q
Dog breeds affected by MDR-1 gene: acepromazine
A
- australian shepherd
- collies
- shelties
- white swiss shepherd
4
Q
side effects of alpha 2 agonists
A
- vasoconstriction, hypertension
- hyperglycemia –> hypoinsulinemia –> hyperkalemia, diuresis
- reflex bradycardia
- sedation
- vomiting
- respiratory depression
5
Q
side effects of alpha 2 agonists in ruminants
A
- pulmonary edema
- abortion
6
Q
Xylazine potency in ruminants, horse, pigs, and small animals
A
Cattle are 10x more sensitive to xylazine then horses.
-NOT effective in swine
7
Q
MAC of iso and sevo in dogs
A
ISO: 1.3%
SEVO: 2.3%
8
Q
MAC of ISO and SEVO in cats
A
ISO: 1.6%
SEVO: 2.6%
9
Q
Factors that reduce MAC
A
- opioids and alpha 2s
- hypothermia
- anemic
- too old or too young
- hypoxemia
- hypercapnia
10
Q
Factors that increase MAC
A
- hyperthermia
- pregnancy
- ephedrine
- opioids in horses
11
Q
Adverse effects of ketamine
A
- hypertension
- hypersalivation
- resp depression
- hyperthermia
- emesis
- vocalization
- spastic jerking movements, muscle tremors, hypertonicity, opisthotonos
12
Q
Adverse effects of dissociatives (NMDA antagonists)
A
- positive inotropy and chronotropy
- increased myocardial oxygen demand
- apneustic breathing
- increased salivation
- laryngospasm
13
Q
Side effects of opioids
A
- constipation
- bradycardia
- histamine release
- sedation
- excitement in cats and horses
- hyperthermia
14
Q
side effects of simbadol (buprenorphine)
A
- anisocoria
- hyperthermia
15
Q
What receptors does ephedrine act on?
A
alpha 1
alpha 2
beta 1
beta 2
