General Flashcards
More regular and symmetrical than Greek plans
Roman
Town plans for based on a system of rectilinear blocks devoted to residential uses the city center containing public buildings in commerce.
Greek
Surrounded by a wall but it’s less geometrically rigid than Roman or Greek
Medieval
The idea of giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
Includes proportion and relation to form and shape of the human body.
Anthropomorphism
Uses information on similar size properties with similar amenities that are for sale in the area at the time of valuation to determine the value of the property
Comparison method or market data approach
The costs of developments would be deducted from the projected sales prices to determine the value for the land
Development method or anticipated use method
The income that will be generated by the property is estimated compared against the cost of the site improvements
residual method, or income approach method
Deducting the value of site improvements from the total value of the property
Allocation method
Wooden framework corrected to support the masonry comprising the dome before it’s complete
Centering ( a technique of dome construction)
A property where redevelopment or reuse maybe complicated by the presence of contaminants
Brownfield
The design build model that allows the owner to secure an early fixed-price
Bridging
Direct costs will increase.
Overhead costs will decrease.
Likely results of shortening the critical path
Not included in a contractors project overhead costs
Payroll taxes
Granted by the Fifth Amendment to the US Constitution
Eminent domain
Can also eat be used by a private for-profit company on the project serves the public interest by promoting economic development
Eminent domain
Use group does not affect the
Building footprint
Kevin lynches book ,the image of the city, an area this is perceived as a symbol of a part of a city is a
Core
Maximum flood level with a 1% probability of occurring within a given year
100 year flood
Best for scheduling small projects with few participants, consist of a list of deadlines and assignments of responsibility for each task
Milestone chart
Bar charts are also known as
Gantt charts
When cost evaluations contained something that will add costs to a project in comparison to the model, such as short construction periods, challenging site conditions,
A premium
The document a 101 that establishes unit prices
Owner contractor agreement
To allow residents to control areas around their homes
Defensible space
Detains water allows it to be absorbed slowly by the ground
An infiltration basin
The stage for an event that occurs at a particular place on a regular schedule. Every building is designed around a sequence of these.
Behavior setting
Oscar Newman’s book describes some of the techniques used to help create a sense of pride of ownership in the neighborhood
Defensible space
These centers serve about 7500 to 20,000 people within a 6 mile driving radius
Neighborhood centers
Often anchored by large supermarket contains some sort of variety store and serve approximately 20,000 to 100,000 people
Community centers
Typical American shopping mall containing a cluster of large big box retailers
Regional center
These books advocate environmentally sensitive, human focused approach to design drawing heavily from vernacular historical precedent
Christopher Alexander
This book discusses how people interpret their environments and find their way through unfamiliar places by forming a mental image of the place
Kevin lynch, the image of the city 1960
Silt and Clay allow water to migrate above the water table on a site because they’re very porous, this is an example of
Soil mechanics
The act of revising a written document over and over until two parties can agree and its contents
Shuttle diplomacy
Not considered in bubble diagrams
Scale
The period between Renaissance and Baroque
Mannerism
Spatial arrangement for highly irregular contours
Cluster arrangement
This movement restored human scale to the new industrial cities
The city beautiful movement
The system of roads follows natural topography
Curvilinear system
Best building shape in a temperate northern climate
Elongated in the East West direction
Noted by mansard roofs and the pavilion
Second Empire style
This is associated with uncomplicated building programs , formality and authority
Symmetry
This is to permit autonomous functioning
includes the blind who can walk but are still handicapped
Barrier free
About life safety
Barrier free
Not a classification in the IBC
Office
Not considered a basic architectural service
Programming
More expensive on a sloping a regular site because there’s a manhole required every time the sewer changes direction
Underground sewer
He should be at least 100 feet from any surface water or well
Septic drain field
This is determined from the centerline of lot frontage
Building height
This climate receive some most solar radiation on Southwall in winter
Temperature northern latitudes
The deterioration of concrete or masonry caused by excessive moisture
Spalling
A behavioral system in which a person, animal, or group place claim to an area and defends it against others
Territoriality
Term coined by anthropologist Edward T Hall and now used to describe the study of spatial requirements of humans and the effects of population density, communication, and social interaction
Proxemics
The number of people per-unit area
Density
The official valuation of property for the purpose of levying a tax
Assessment
Started the rectangular survey system of townships and sections
The ordinance of 1785
The first planning to use the idea of zoning developed in response to the Industrial Revolution
Garnier’s Cite Industrialle
Most difficult parking configuration for the driver
90 degree
Planning scheme utilized by this town for both pedestrians and drivers
Radburn
Place Invented the concept of the historic distric in 1937
Charleston, SC
This arch exerts less thrust than a rounded arch
Gothic
Environmental protection act
1973
1 mi.² parcel of land containing 640 acres
Section
An area 24 mi.² bounded by parallels and meridians
A check
6 miles on a side
Township
The distance is going to business travel from most remote point in the occupied portion of the exit access to the entrance of the nearest exit
Exit access travel distance
The portion of an exit access the occupants are required to traverse for two separate and distinct pads of egress travel to two exits are available
Common path of egress travel
Minimum distance by which two exits must be separated when two exits required
Exit separation distance
Zoning requirements include
Setbacks, floor area ratios and height limitations. Through segregation of use they help to stabilize property values. Also helps governments plan for the future by restricting the capacity of the land and helping protect the types of utility systems necessary
Two exits are required when
Occupancy is over 50
The most for stricter fire zone is
Fire zone 1
The uses given an IBC table 1004.1.2 determine
Occupant load
The legal basis for building codes in the United States is the
U.S. Constitution
Exit doors must swing in the direction of travel when the occupant load is greater than
50
Increases the taxes after the development period to repay the bonds
Tax increment financing
Typically used to fund a specific project such as a library or fire station, a majority vote is typically required
General obligation bonds
Used to fund infrastructure improvements made necessary by new development
Developer impact fees
Used to fund public space improvements such a streetscapes to enhance various appeal and indirectly it’s property Values
Business improvement District
B141
Standard form of architect services:
design and construction administration
Method to increase the likelihood of making a profit
Multiple of direct personnel expense. Aka hourly
Spaces between floors for maintenance duties
Interstitial spaces
Indicate required adjacency relationships and priorities of relationships
Bubble diagram
