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Pseudomonas aeruginosa > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

Class?

A

Gammaproteobacteria

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2
Q

Genus?

A

Psuedomonas

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3
Q

Gram?

A

Negative

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4
Q

Motile?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Shape?

A

Rod shaped

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6
Q

Primary habitat?

A

Primary habitat is the environment (soil, water, vegetation) with a preference to moist environment

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7
Q

How is it able to grow in low nutrient availability?

A

Can use ammonium and carbon dioxide as nitrogen and carbon sources

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8
Q

Can grow at a broad temperature range?

A

20-42 oC

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9
Q

Can grow anaerobically when it uses what as an electron acceptor?

A

Either nitrate or nitrite

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10
Q

What type of pathogen is it?

A

It is an opportunistic pathogen

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11
Q

Most infections are?

A

Nosocomial

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12
Q

Can form biofilms on medical equipment including?

A

Intravenous vein catheters
Urinary catheters
Ventilation devices

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13
Q

Psuedomonas aeruginosa is rarely pathogenic in?

A

Healthy individuals

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14
Q

What size is the genome?

A

5.5-7 Mb

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15
Q

What is the genome size of E.coli?

A

4.6Mb

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16
Q

Psuedomonas aeruginosa can grow where?

A

The environment and inside our bodies

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17
Q

What gives Pseudomonas aeruginosa the capacity to be so versatile?

A
  • Has a large genome encoding multiple genes. Its genome is 5.5-7Mb which is much larger than that of E.coli (4.6Mb). It allows it to turn on different genes in different environments as required.
  • It has a high metabolic diversity
  • 8% of the genome comprises regulatory genes which are responsible for encoding products that can regulate the expression of multiple genes
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18
Q

Is it motile?

A

Yes

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19
Q

What are the different types of motility?

A

Swarming
Twitching
Swimming

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20
Q

Which motility is used in liquid environments?

A

Swimming

21
Q

Which motility is used in semi-solid environments?

A

Swarming

22
Q

Which motility is used on solid surfaces?

A

Twitching

23
Q

When does swarming occur?

A

When there is low nutrient availability- local starvation

In response to certain amino acids

24
Q

Swimming requires what?

A

Flagella

25
Q

Swarming requires what?

A

Flagella- often hyperflagellated phenotype

Rhamnolipids

26
Q

Twitching is performed using?

A

Type IV pili

27
Q

Why are rhamnolipids required for swarming motiltiy?

A

They are postulated to lower the surface tension of the surface through their surfactant properties, allowing the bacterial cell to swarm

28
Q

What is the function of rhamnolipids in swarming motility?

A

To lower the surface tension of the surface through their surfactant properties, allowing the bacterial cell to swarm

29
Q

What pattern does swarming motility achieve?

A

Dendritic-like patterns

30
Q

Psuedomonas aeruginosa produces two soluble pigments?

A

Pyocyanin and pyoverdine

31
Q

Pyocyanin is what colour?

A

Blue

32
Q

Pyoverdine is what colour?

A

Green

33
Q

What is pyocyanin?

A

It is a blue redox-active secondary metabolite

34
Q

What does pyocyanin do?

A

It can divert the electron flow and increase intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species e.g. H2O2. Causes damage to eukaryotic cells

35
Q

What is pyoverdine?

A

It is a siderophore

36
Q

What is pyocyanin?

A

It is a redox-active secondary metabolite

37
Q

What is the precursor to pyocyanin?

A

Chorismic acid

38
Q

What encodes pyocyanin?

A

Two sets of almost identical genes

39
Q

Chorismic acid is converted into?

A

phenazine-1-carboxylic acid

40
Q

Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid can be converted to pyocyanin via?

A

PhzM and PhzS

41
Q

Pyoverdine is a?

A

Siderophore

42
Q

The main function of pyoverdine as a siderophore is to?

A

Chelate iron- Fe3+ ions

43
Q

How is ferripyoverdine transported back into the bacteria?

A

Outer membrane receptor FpvA

44
Q

What is FpvA?

A

It is an outer membrane receptor

45
Q

FpvA binds to?

A

Ferripyoveridine complex

46
Q

Pyoverdine-mediated iron uptake by the FpvA receptor in the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is dependent on the inner membrane protein?

A

TonB

47
Q

What is TonB?

A

An inner membrane protein

48
Q

When ferripyoveridine binds the FpvA receptor what happens?

A

There is a conformational change which is generated by the interaction of TonB and FpvA. The conformational change opens up the receptor and allows the ferripyoverdine complex to enter

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8 decks)

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