GENERAL

Question 1

Who are the ruling class? And who are the subject class? According to Marx.

Answer 1

Ruling class = bourgeoise

Subject class = proletariat

Question 2

Who are stereotypically the manual and non-manual workers?

Answer 2

Manual: Working Class.

Non-Manual: Middle Class.

Question 3

What did Goldthorpe develop?

Answer 3

The Hope-Goldthorpe scale in order to undertake research into social mobility.

Question 4

What are the seven occupational classes of the Hope-Goldthorpe scale? (Give three)

Answer 4

1. Higher professionals.
2. Lower professionals.
3. Routine non-manual workers.
4. Small proprietors and self-employed artisans.
5. Lower-grade technicians and supervisors of manual workers.
6. Skilled manual workers.
7. Semi-skilled and unskilled manual workers.

Question 5

Who created the idea of the underclass? What does it mean?

Answer 5

Murray.
New social class emerged due to the increase in welfare benefits.

Question 6

What did Marshall find about people classifying themselves?

Answer 6

Many people saw themselves as ‘working-class’ despite working in white-collar occupations.

Question 7

What did Savage find in his research of class?

Answer 7

A significant proportion of respondents were reluctant to identify themselves with a social class.