Gene Expression Flashcards
transformation
- involves the insertion of a gene into an organism in order to change the organisms trait.
- used in: biotechnology, agriculture, bioremediation, medicine.
gene
piece of DNA which provides the instructions for making a protein
Green fluorescent protein (GFP)
- from bioluminescent jelly fish.
- causes jelly fish to fluoresce and glow in the dark.
plasmid
- one or more small circular pieces of DNA in addition to the large chromosome that bacteria have.
- usually contain genes for one or more traits that may be beneficial to bacterial survival.
- can be transferred back and forth to share beneficial genes, which is why bacteria can adapt to new environments (resistance to antibiotics)
arabinose
sugar that switches on GFP gene when added to transformed cells nutrient medium
ampicillin
will normally kill any bacteria without bla.
ori/origin of replication site
allows the plasmid to be replicated within the E. coli
bla
ampicillin resistant site that allows the E.coli to grow in the presence of the drug ampicillin.
GFP
gene sequence coding for the fluorescent jellyfish protein. It was isolated from jellyfish chromosomal DNA
araC
segment of DNA coding for the production of the regulatory protein araC.
lac operon
lac I- CAP-promoter- operator- lac Z, lac Y, lac A
- naturally turned off
- inducible
two ways to turn on lac operon
- lac repressor
- cabalistic activator protein cAMP (glucose regulates)
what product of the lac operon caused the yellow color in some of the E.coli cultures?
-ONP
How does chilling the bacteria at 4 degrees in CaCl2 promote transformation of the pGLO plasmid?
by recovering the bacteria, closing the pores and having the DNA stick inside.
