Gendered inequality - internal Flashcards
what are the 6 main internal factors?
equal opportunities policies positive role models in schools GCSE and coursework Teacher attention challenging stereotypes in curriculum selection and league tables
examples of policies designed to create equal opportunities?
GIST & WISE
1988 National Curriculum - both genders study same subjects
what have equal opportunity policies ensured?
teachers avoid stereotyping
how have girls been exposed to female role models in school?
increase in proportion of female teachers/heads.
22% of secondary heads in 1992 and 37% in 2012
why are female teachers important role models?
to become a teacher, there is a lengthy and successful education required - girls may wish to emulate this.
what year were GCSE’s and coursework introduced?
1989
what does GORARD believe the increase in the gender gap is due to?
product of a changed system
how has coursework affected girls according to MITSOS and BROWNE?
girls are more successful because they are more conscientious and organised
why have oral exams benefitted girls?
better developed language skills generally
why do girls have the characteristics that suit coursework?
early gender role socialisation which encourages them to be neat, tidy and patient.
what were SWANN’s observations and why do they suggest girls achieve more?
girls prefer pair-work and are better at listening/cooperating. Their speech involves turn-taking and not the hostile interruptions that characterise boys’ speech.
Teachers respond positvely to their cooperation which may result in the self-fulfilling prophecy.
who argues gendered stereotypes were removed from textbooks?
WEINER - the removal has raised achievement by presenting girls with positive images of their potential rather than stereotypes.
according to JACKSON, how has the introduction of league tables improved opportunities for girls?
high achieving girls are attractive to schools and low achieving boys aren’t. creates a self-fulfilling prophecy - because girls are more likely to be recruited by good schools, they are more likely to do well
According to SLEE why are boys seen as ‘liability students’?
more likely to suffer from behavioural issues and 4x more likely to be excluded.
why do radical feminists believe the ed system remains patriarchal?
sexual harassment of girls at school
still limits subject choices and career options
male teachers more likely to be secondary heads
women under-represented in many areas of curriculum
