Gender-external factors

Question 1

What is the impact of feminism and evaluation

Answer 1

-campaigning for equal rights in the workplace as well as reproductive rights eg abortion+contraception
-feminism has challenged the view that women shouldn’t go to work and should that women’s work is at home
-study done that shows the changes of women in magazines over time.In the past ideas are promoted such as how to be a good at house keeping but by the 1990s promoted feel independence and power
-brought about genderquake and that women can be what they want to be
-impacts education as girls believe they can be just as successful as boys which motivates them to work harder and get good qualifications to pursue goals
evaluation:
-even if girls do better in school they are still pressured into studying ‘feminine’ subjects
-girls still have negative experience at school in terms of harassment

Question 2

How has Changes to the family impacted gender education

Answer 2

-in the past most children were raised in a traditional nuclear family.
-this tradition has been disrupted as most marriages end in divorces so it is common for children to be raised in single parent households-mothers usually getting custody
-single parent parent families are also increasing as a result of sex before marriage becoming a norm and decline in stigma of single parenthood
-means no longer shame in women getting pregnant and raising a child alone
-impacts girls education as it sends a clear message to females that they will have to support themselves financially in the future and not rely on men to be around to support them
evaluation:
-working class girls tend not to achieve as well as middle class girls
-New right criticise this by being raised in a lone parent family can create a cycle of lone parenthood and poverty

Question 3

Feminisation of the economy

Answer 3

-decline in productive job roles has led to shift in service based jobs which accommodates women more.Services eg care and education have become key areas of jobs for women
-changes that have encouraged women to enter the work force eg-equal pay act which gives women the right to be paid the same amount as men
-impact girls education as they will be motivated to work hard and pursue goals as they will see employment part of their future
-most jobs also require specific qualifications which could explain why women progress further then makes
evaluation:
-although girls do better in school,glass ceiling still exists
-women put careers on hold to pursue families

Question 4

factor which limit boys achievement-poor literacy in boys

Answer 4

researchers believe that reading and literacy has the most significant impact upon achievement.
-evidence suggests that boys don’t engage in as much reading as girls do,boys are less likely to read for pleasure than girls
-parents are less likely to encourage boys to read and spend time with them whereas girls are encouraged to pursue bedroom culture-refers to socialising indoors
-boys are encouraged to spend time doing outdoor activities such as sports which reduces time they spend reading
-due to gender gap children are more likely to see there mothers reading than fathers which give the view that reading is a ‘feminine activity’
-impacts education as most GCSEs require a high level of literacy skills
evaluation:
-more books today aimed at boys
-schools use strategies to improve literacy skills across the board

Question 5

What does Sharpe say about changing ambitions of girls

Answer 5

-Was a liberal feminist
-conducted longitudinal study and found that girls associated educational success with masculinity and boys were put off by female ambition
-Repeated study later on and found that when girls left school they wanted to get a job and earn their own money
-individualism impacted as well
EVALUATION
-Some girls still want to start a family earlier

Question 6

How has decline in traditional male job roles led to underachievement of boys

Answer 6

• globalisation
• businesses shoved their productive elements to other countries and become more service based
• working class men become unemployed->crisis of masculinity:identity crisis
• impacts education as they grow up in society which places less value on them