Gender Differences in Acheivment: External

Question 1

what 6 external factors can be responsible for differences in gender achievement?

Answer 1

• changes in ambitions
• changes in the family
• changes in the economy
• leisure differences
• socialisation
• literacy

Question 2

explain changes in ambitions

Answer 2

• new opportunities and motivation for economic independence due to feminism
• legislation such as Sex Discrimination Act 1975 and the Equal Pay Act 1970

Question 3

A02 for changes in girls ambitions

Answer 3

SHARP -
carried out interviews in 70’s and 90’s
attitudes had changed during this time
MCROBBIE -
content analysis of girls magazines in 70’s and 90’s.
found expectations and values for girls had changed.

Question 4

explain changes in family

Answer 4

• inc in divorce rate
• inc in single parent famalies (90% female) meaning they are breadwinner and a role model

Question 5

exaplin the difference in leisure activities AO1

Answer 5

boys - sport, computer games (physical, hand eye co or)
girls - reading chatting (linguistic and reasoning)

Question 6

leisure for girls A02

Answer 6

MC ROBBIE - BEDROOM CULTURE
- boys are more active, girls more social
- this enhances language skills
- males face peer pressure more, harder to ask for help

Question 7

explain gender socialisation

Answer 7

• more social control for girls
• male freedom
• toxic masculinity

Question 8

stats on boys poorer literacy skills

Answer 8

at 11 an avg boy is behind:

6 months n numeracy
9 moths at speaking
12 months in literacy

boys don’t like reading?

Question 9

explain the changes in the economy and the workplace

Answer 9

• policies such as anti dsicmination
• more jobs requiring communication skills
• expansion of service jobs
• 3/4 of female were in employment in 2006

Question 10

changes in the economy and the workplace A02

Answer 10

MAC AN GHAILL
- decline in maufacure industry means unemployment due to globalisation
- roles in service sectors more suited to men

MISTO AND BROWNE
- w/c don’t see good employment opportunities, also due to globalisation

Question 11

social policies to raise literacy in boys

Answer 11

Reading champions - male role models celebrate intrest
Dads and sons camping an - getting dads involves
Playing for success - using sport to boost learning skills and motivation