Gender achievement gap

Question 1

Girls and boys whos better

Answer 1

Girls better at all key stages

GCSE 10% points

Question 2

What 4 main external reasons are given for the rise of girls achievement

Answer 2

1 IMPACT OF FEMINISIM
2 CHANGE IN FAMILY
- change girls attitudes 
3 CHANGES IN WOMEN EMPLOYMENT
- 1970 equal pay act 
4 GIRLS CHANGING AMBITIONS
Sharpe - girls ambitions 74 girls ed success was unattractive - love marriage husbands 
90s girls had different priorities like careers

Question 3

Which girls do worst

Answer 3

Working class girls 
Only 40% of poor girls get 5A*-C

Question 4

what are the main internal factors (6)

Answer 4

1 EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES POLICIES
- GIST girls into science and technology
2 POSITIVE ROLE MODELS
3 GCSE AND COURSEWORK
- helped girls a lo
4 TEACHER ATTENTION
- French fouund boys rechieve more attention bc they are attacked for reprimands
5 CHALLENGING STEREOTYPES IN THE CURRICULUM
- removal of stereotypes from curriculum
6 SELECTION AND LEAGUE TABLES
marketisation - girls desirable as they do better in league tables

Question 5

What are the two views of girls achievement

Answer 5

1.LIBERAL FEMINISTS
celebrate progress
beleive further progress will be made in devel of more equa pay opps

2. RADICAL FEMINISTS
critical 
system still patriarchal 
sexual harassment 
limites girls subject choices 
less female heads

Question 6

What does Ringrose believe

Answer 6

Critics of fem argue that girls policies are no longer needed
Ringrose (a fem) says that this have contributed toa moral panic about ‘failing boys’ says now things are preoccupied with helping just boys

Question 7

What do feminists argue about girls at schools

Answer 7

ARCHER
Argues by showing their wc identities girls gained symbolic capital
This precluded them from educational capital
Girls adopted hyper heterosexual personalities
Boyfriends got them symbolic capital
Girls left with dilemma of choosing between educational and symbolic capital

Question 8

Explain successful wc girls

Answer 8

EVANS
Some do succeed
They want to go to uni
But to help their families not for themselves

Question 9

Which subject is the gender gap biggest

Answer 9

Literacy

Question 10

What might cause the literacy gap

Answer 10

Mother does most reading making it seem like a woman’s subject
Boys leisure activities do nothing to increase language skills e.g. Football

Question 11

How might decline in traditional men’s jobs lead to decease in men’s performance

Answer 11

Decline in industries
Typically men’s jobs
Led to identity crisis for men

Question 12

Who talks about feminisation of education

Answer 12

Swell

Question 13

Swells theory

Answer 13

School doesn’t nurture masculine grates
Most want more adventure
Wants to abandon coursework

Question 14

Explain shortage of male primary school teachers

Answer 14

Only 14% of primary school teachers are male

42% surveyed boys said this male teachers make them work harder

Question 15

Are more male ps teachers needed?

Answer 15

2/3 of 7-8 year olds say lender doesn’t matter

Question 16

Laddish subcultures and gender gap

Answer 16

Growth of laddish subcultures has led to boys underachievement
Argues wc boys more likely to be labelled “gay” if they appear to be swats

Question 17

What are stereotypical subject choices

Answer 17

Girls - English languages
Boys - maths/science
Only 20% physics a level students are girls

Question 18

Explain gender role socialisation

Answer 18

Early age boys and girls socialised differently

Encouraged to take different tastes e.g girls story books

Question 19

Explain gender subject choices

Answer 19

Science teachers more likely to be men
Examples usually drawn to men’s ingtrests
In experiments boys monopolise the equipment act as if it’s theirs
Girls in single sex schools more likely to take science and maths

Question 20

Puils sexual and gender identities explain (6)

Answer 20

1 double standards
- lees girls can be called slags if dresses certain way
2 verbal abbuse
- name calling putting down if does certain thing Lees - slags and drags (if no sex)
3 the male gaze
- pupils control others identities
- Mac and Ghaill
- see them as sexual objects
4 male peer groups
- reinforce definitions about masculinity
5 female peer groups policing identity
- e.g. archer constructing glamourous sexy lifestyle certain brands and styles
6 teachers and discipline
- mac and ghaill - told boys off for acting like girls

Question 21

Peer pressure and subject choices

Answer 21

E.g. Boys don’t want to take music and drama labelled gay