Gender

Question 1

Give details of gender inequality in Saudi Arabia.

Answer 1

Women have only recently been able to drive.

Question 2

Give details of gender inequality in Lebanon.

Answer 2

A woman cannot file for divorce based on abuse unless an eyewitnesses testifies it - a medical diagnosis is not enough.

Compare to UK - Divorce Reform Act 1969

Question 3

Give details of gender inequality in Egypt.

Answer 3

A husband can notify an airport to forbid his wife from travelling for any reason.

Question 4

Give details of gender inequality in Bahrain.

Answer 4

Judges have complete control over family law. Many deny women custody of children for trivial reasons.
In 2003, when women drew attention to this, the judges sued for slander.

Question 5

Give details of gender inequality in China.

Answer 5

The old one child policy, meant baby girls are abandoned to die (murdered) to keep the boy.

Question 6

Give details of gender inequality in Chile and Lesotho.

Answer 6

Women cannot own land as all deeds must include a husband or father’s name.
If they’re dead, she has no claim.

Question 7

Give details of gender inequality in worldwide.

Answer 7

Women make up ⅔ of the worlds illiterate adults - they may be forced to stay home from school and do chores or marry.

Question 8

What would Marxists say about withholding land rights?

Answer 8

The prolateriat is kept poor to benefit bourgeosie.

Question 9

What would Marxist Feminists say about withholding land rights from women?

Answer 9

Women don’t own land and therefore are oppressed by capitalism.

Question 10

What does a lack of sexual rights resolve in?

Answer 10

Frequent child bearing reduces productivity (ie farm work).

Question 11

Give details of gender inequality in Afghanastan.

Answer 11

The wife-starving law means husband can starve the wife if she refuses to have sex with him.

Question 12

What could Feminists say about the lack of female MPs in Parliament?

Answer 12

Men will be making decisions for women, doesn’t show equality yet.

Question 13

The ‘triple burden’ lead to gender inequality as women have a triple burden of ______, _______ & _________ work. In _____ countries, women earn _____ than _____ for the ______ work.

Answer 13

a) income, domestic & emotional work
b) most
c) less
d) men
e) same

Question 14

How does health lead to gender inequality?

Answer 14

Pregnancy and childbirth pose risks for women - especially where facilities are inadequate.

Risks increase when girls marry at a young age.

Question 15

How does poverty lead to gender inequality?

Answer 15

‘Feminisation of poverty’ - women are more likely to live in poverty than men so are therefore more affected by other developments such as climate change.

Question 16

How does marriage lead to gender inequality?

Answer 16

Some countries force marriage and marriage of girls at a young age.

Question 17

How does education lead to gender inequality?

Answer 17

Girls are less likely to go to school and ⅔ of the illiterate population are women.

Question 18

How does culture lead to gender inequality?

Answer 18

Many cultures have a preference for baby boys, leading to selective abortion which results in gender imbalance.

Question 19

How does violence lead to gender inequality?

Answer 19

Estimated that 1 billion women worldwide have been victims to violence by men, including genital mutilation.

Question 20

It’s important to include women in the development process (UN) because _____________ can ______ women. Men and women have ________ __________.
The ‘___________’ = _________ and _________ women has a huge _____ on ________.

Answer 20

Successful development can empower women.

Men and women have different perspectives.
The ‘social multiplier’ - empowering and educating women has a huge impact on families.

Question 21

What is the GDI?

Answer 21

Gender Development Index - compares men and women based on standard of living, knowledge and long & healthy life.

Question 22

What is the GII?

Answer 22

Gender Inequality Index - compares men and women based on health, empowerment & labour market

Question 23

Which index compares men and women based on standard of living, knowledge and a long/healthy life?

Answer 23

The Gender Development Index (GDI)

Question 24

Which index compares men and women based on health, empowerment and the labour market?

Answer 24

The Gender Inequality Index (GII)

Question 25

CASE STUDY - BANGLADESH

What have the government done to try and restrict child marriages?

Why?

Answer 25

The age of consent has changed to 18.

UN programs

Question 26

CASE STUDY - BANGLADESH
Risks imposed to girls that marry young:
Endangered _____ eg ____________.
Restricted _________ opportunities, resulting in _______________.
Higher __________ on their _______ & ______, making them ________ (_______ stance).
______ risk of _________.

Answer 26

a) health, birth complications
b) educational, worse job prospects
c) dependency, husband, family, vulnerable, feminist
d) higher, domestic abuse

Question 27

Theories - Modernisation and dependency theories have been labelled as ‘________’ forms of ________ as neither address ________.
Modernisation is associated with _________ - ______ and ____ have ________ roles.
L_____ claims this is the _______ view of being ______ - he argues _____ can enter the _______ through _________.

Answer 27

a) ‘malestream’, sociology, gender issues
b) functionalism, women, men, traditional
c) Leonard, masculine, modern, women, workplace, modernisation

Question 28

Theories - what is the liberal feminist stance on gender inequality?

Answer 28

Measures need to be extended to include women, especially by bringing them into paid work so they can also benefit from modernisation.

Question 29

Theories - socialist feminists address a ____ form of _______, which shows how the _____ spread of _______ requires the _______ of ______.
It’s primarily _____ women in _________ in ______ factories, employed by ____ - they ____ little and _____ workers ______.
The work can ____ women achieve _______ ________ but it still _____ goes to a ____.

Answer 29

a) new, exploitation, global, capitalism, exploitation, women
b) young, South-East Asia, sweatshop, TNCs, pay, treat, poorly
c) help, financial, independence, mostly, man

Question 30

The ‘____ ______’ - each year _______ of ______ leave ____ to _____ abroad as _______, _____ and ___ workers.

This includes ____________/______.

Answer 30

a) ‘care deficit’
b) millions
c) women
d) LICs
e) work
f) nannies, maids and sex workers
g) sex-trafficking/slavery