gender Flashcards
Robyn Lakoff year of study
1975
3 features of woman’s language - Robyn Lakoff
hedges, tag questions, empty adjectives etc.
do women speak more or less frequently than men - Robyn Lakoff
less
women’s attitudes to coarse or expletive language - Robyn Lakoff
avoid them
year of O’Barr & Atkins study
1980
did O’Barr & Atkins challenge or support Robyn Lakoff’s study
challenge as they deemed it reductive
how long was O’Barr & Atkins’ study
30 months long
how many hours of footage did O’Barr & Atkins study?
150 hours
where did O’Barr & Atkins conduct there study
in a courtroom
true or false O’Barr & Atkins stated Lakoff’s powerless forms were a result of gender
false
which women used the lowest frequency of Lakoff’s features - O’Barr & Atkins
high status women
what did O’Barr & Atkins say had the greatest impact on language
percieved power in society
what year was Zimmerman and West’s study
1975
how many conversations did Zimmerman and West observe
11
what was the main language feature Zimmerman and West assessed
interruptions
who interrupted more in Zimmerman and West’s study
men
why did the men interrupt more according to Zimmerman and West
they like to be in charge of conversations
how many times did the women interrupt in Zimmerman and West’s study
2
how many times did the men interrupt in Zimmerman and West’s study
46
who stated society enforce ‘male power’
Dale Spender
what was Dale Spender’s overall conclusion
society enforces male power
who’s evidence did Dale Spender base their study on
Zimmerman and West
what year was Geoffrey Beattie’s study
1980
what was Geoffrey Beattie’s conclusion
men and women interupt at similar rates
who’s theory does Geoffrey Beattie support
Dale Spender
how many hours of footage did Geoffrey Beattie analyse
10 hours
when was Pamela Fishman’s study
1983
who did Pamela Fishman base her study off
young American couples
why do mixed gender conversations fail - Pamela Fishman
men don’t respond to declaratives
what is a method women employ to maintain conversations - Pamela Fishman
use questions
is women’s frequent use of questions a sign of insecurity - Pamela Fishman
no it is to receive engagement
what type of face could women use to encourage male engagement - Pamela Fishman
positive
how many hours of footage did Pamela Fishman base her study off
52 hours of pre-recorded footage
when was Tannen’s study
1990
what is Tannen’s status vs support concept
men need to gain status whereas women seek support from people
what is Tannen’s information vs feelings concept?
men’s conversations are message oriented whereas women try to build relationships
what is Tannen’s advice vs understanding concept
men feel the need to find a solution whereas women provide an empathetic response
when was Deborah Cameron’s study
2008
what was Deborah Cameron’s concept of myths
they are arising
name 3 theories Deborah Cameron challenges
Lakoff, Fishman and Tannen
why do myths in language form - Deborah Cameron
we shape our expectations of male and female language
when was Janet Hyde’s study
2005
what was the name of Janet Hyde’s study
gender similarity hypothesis
hat did Janet Hyde say about language
men and women have more similarities than differences in language
why may differences arise between genders - Janet Hyde
other variabilities like class or age
name of Judith Butler’s study
gender performativity theory
Judith Butler’s view on gender being a biological issue
completely false
