Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CHEMTECH > GENCHEM > Flashcards

GENCHEM Flashcards

1
Q

Anything that has mass and volume.

A

Matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Can be described by using physical and
chemical properties.

A

Matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

These are
properties that can be observed or measured

A

Physical Properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

These are properties that determine whether or not a substance will react chemically.

A

Chemical Properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Does not depend on the size or amount of the sample

A

Intensive Properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Depends on the size or amount of the sample.

A

Extensive Properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Physical or Chemical Property:
Flammability

A

Chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Physical or Chemical Property:
Mass

A

Physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Physical or Chemical Property:
Length

A

Physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Physical or Chemical Property:
State

A

Physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Physical or Chemical Property:
Density

A

Physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Physical or Chemical Property:
Reactivity

A

Chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Physical or Chemical Property:
Conductivity

A

Physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Intensive or Extensive Property:
Color

A

Intensive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Intensive or Extensive Property:
Volume

A

Extensive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Intensive or Extensive Property:
Volume

A

Extensive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Intensive or Extensive Property:
Odor

A

Intensive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Simplest substance, made up of atom

A

Element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Made up of more than one type of atom

A

Compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Uniform composition

A

Homogenous Mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Different composition

A

Heterogeneous Mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

States that each element is composed of extremely small particles called atom.

A

Dalton’s Billiard Ball Model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Compounds form by combining atoms

A

Dalton’s Billiard Ball Model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Year of Dalton’s Billiard Ball Model

A

1803

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

States that the atom is made up of negative electrons that float in a sphere of positive charge like plums in a pudding

A

Thomson’s Plum Pudding Model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Discovered electron via cathode ray experiment in 1897

A

J. J. Thomson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Discovered isotopes in 1913

A

J. J. Thomson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Discovered the nucleus of a gold atom with his “gold foil” experiment.

A

Ernest Rutherford

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

States that the atom is mostly empty space

A

Rutherford’s Nuclear Model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

States that nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons at different energy levels

A

Bohr’s Planetary Model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Electrons have definite orbits

A

Bohr’s Planetary Model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Positive Charge

A

Proton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Neutral Charge

A

Neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Negative charge

A

Electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Number of protons in nucleus.

A

Atomic Number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

The number of _________ determines identity of the element.

A

Proton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Number of protons + neutrons

A

Mass Number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Atoms of the same element with varying number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Carbon has ______ naturally occurring isotopes with C-12 having the highest percent abundance

A

Three

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

True or False:
Different isotopes have different mass numbers because the number of neutrons is different.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

States that the elements were arranged in
groups of 3’s or triads like iron,
cobalt and nickel which are alike
in many properties, so with chlorine, bromine and iodine

A

Law of Triad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Law of Triad

A

Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Elements are arranged in groups of 8’s like from lithium to sodium and from fluorine to chlorine. These elements have similar properties and are seven elements apart.

A

Law of Octaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Law of Octaves

A

John Newlands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Recognized the repeating pattern or the periodic behavior among elements

A

Julius Lothar Meyer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Studied the relationship of the atomic volume and the relative atomic mass of 28 elements

A

Julius Lothar Meyer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Formulated the Periodic Law

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

The seven horizontal rows in the periodic table are called

A

Periods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Has 2 elements
corresponding to 2 electrons in the s sublevel

A

Period 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Has 8 elements
corresponding to 8 electrons in the s and p sublevels

A

Period 2 & 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Have 18 elements corresponding to 18 electrons in the s, p and d sublevels

A

Period 4 & 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Has 32 elements corresponding to 32 electrons in the s, p, d, f sublevels

A

Period 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Still incomplete but elements fill up s, p, d and f sublevels.

A

Period 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

The vertical columns in Periodic Table

A

Groups or Families

55
Q

Alkali Metals Group

A

Group 1A

56
Q

Alkaline Earth Metals Group

A

Group 2A

57
Q

Halogens Group

A

Group 7A

58
Q

Boron Family

A

Group 3A

59
Q

Carbon Family

A

Group 4A

60
Q

Nitrogen Family

A

Group 5A

61
Q

Oxygen Family

A

Group 6A

62
Q

Each element in the group has a completely filled set of s and p orbitals

A

Noble Gases

63
Q

All colorless and exhibit little or no reactivity

A

Noble Gases

64
Q

Other words for Noble Gases

A

Inert Gases

65
Q

Columns 1B to 8B or B family/group

A

Transition Elements

66
Q

Additional horizontal rows below compromise two groups of elements

A

Inner Transition Elements

67
Q

Lantahanum in 6th period, rare-earth elements

A

Lanthaniods

68
Q

Actinium in 7th period, heavy rare elements

A

Actinoids

69
Q

Most ideal gas element

A

Helium

70
Q

The average distance between nucleus and the valence electron

A

Actomic Size

71
Q

Other word for Atomic Size

A

Atomic Radius

72
Q

In Atomic Size Group Trend, as you go down a column, atomic size ________

A

increases

73
Q

In Atomic Size Periodic Trend, as you go from right to left, atomic size ________

A

increases

74
Q

In Ionic Radius:
Cationic Radius < Neutral Atomic Radius
(Al3+ < Al)

A

True

75
Q

In Ionic Radius:
Anion Radius > Neutral Atomic Radius
(O2- > O)

A

True

76
Q

The ability of the atom to donate electrons.

A

Metallic Property

77
Q

In Metallic Property Group Trend, as you go down a column, metallic property _________.

A

increases

78
Q

In Metallic Property Periodic Trend, as you go right to left, metallic property _________.

A

increases

79
Q

Tendency of an atom to react.

A

Reactivity

80
Q

In Reactivity Group Trend, as you go down a column, reactivity _________.

A

increases

81
Q

In Reactivity Periodic Trend, as you go right to left, reactivity _________.

A

increases

82
Q

The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion.

A

Ionization Energy

83
Q

In Ionization Group Trend, as you go down a column, ionization _________.

A

decreases

84
Q

In Ionization Periodic Trend, as you go right to left, ionization _________.

A

decreases

85
Q

The change in energy when an electron is accepted by a gaseous atom to form an anion.

A

Electron Affinity

86
Q

In Electron Affinity Group Trend, as you go down a column, electron affinity _________.

A

decreases

87
Q

In Electron Affinity Periodic Trend, as you go right to left, electron affinity _________.

A

decreases

88
Q

The relative ability of an atom of an element to attract or gain electrons.

A

Electronegativity

89
Q

In Electronegativity Group Trend, as you go down a column, electronegativity _________.

A

decreases

90
Q

In Electronegativity Periodic Trend, as you go right to left, electronegativity _________.

A

decreases

91
Q

Is Mg > Ca > K > Fr arranged according to increasing atomic size?

A

Yes

92
Q

Which of the following elements is more electronegative:
Cl, S, or Mg?

A

Cl

93
Q

Which of the following elements is more reactive: Li, Rb, or Fr?

A

Li

94
Q

Which of the following elements has the
higher ionization energy, Br or Cu?

A

Br

95
Q

Which has a larger ionic size (Na+ or Mg2+)

A

Na+

96
Q

SUMMARY:

!!INCREASES!!
Atomic Size - Metallic Property - Reactivity

!!DECREASES!!
Ionization Energy - Electron Affinity - Electronegativity

A

OK

97
Q

The orbitals of an atom must be filled up in increasing energy levels.

A

Aufbau Principle

98
Q

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers and an atomic orbital must contain a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins.

A

Pauli’s Exclusion Principle

99
Q

The most stable arrangement of
electrons in subshells is the one with more parallel spins.

A

Hund’s Rule of Multiplicity

100
Q

The average distance of the electron from the nucleus in a particular orbital. (n)

A

Principal Quantum Number

101
Q

It tells the shape of the
orbital. (l)

A

Azimuthal / Angular
Momentum Quantum Number

102
Q

Describes the
orientation of orbital. (ml)

A

Magnetic Quantum Number

103
Q

Shows the spin of electrons. (ms)

A

Spin Quantum Number

104
Q

Formed by actual electron-transfer where one of the reacting atoms loses one or more electrons and the other atom gains on or more electrons.

A

Ionic Bonding

105
Q

Formed by electron sharing, usually between atoms of non-metals.

A

Covalent Bonding

106
Q

Metal to Non-Metal bonding

A

Ionic Bonding

107
Q

Non-metal to Non-metal bonding

A

Covalent Bonding

108
Q

In
which two or more substances (either elements or compounds)
react to form one compound.

A

Composition reaction

109
Q

This reaction is also known as combination, direct union or synthesis.

A

Composition reaction

110
Q

In which one compound decomposes to form two or more new substances. Usually heat is necessary to cause this reaction
to take place.

A

Decomposition reaction

111
Q

This reaction is also known as analysis.

A

Decomposition reaction

112
Q

In which a metal replaces another metal ion from a solution or a non metal replaces a less
active non metal in a compound.

A

Single replacement reaction

113
Q

This reaction is also called displacement or substitution.

A

Single replacement reaction

114
Q

In which two compounds react to form two new compounds. This involves exchange of ion pairs.

A

Double decomposition
reaction

115
Q

This reaction is also called exchange reaction or metathesis.

A

Double decomposition
reaction

116
Q

In which the
substance that is oxidized is called the reducing agent, while
the substance that is reduced is called the oxidizing agent.

A

Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions (REDOX
REACTIONS)

117
Q

A + B –> AB

A

Composition reaction / Combination / Direct Union / Synthesis.

118
Q

AB –> A + B

A

Decomposition reaction / Analysis

119
Q

AX + B –> BX + A
AX + Y –> AY + X

A

Single replacement reaction / Displacement / Substitution.

120
Q

AX + BY –> AY + BX

A

Double decomposition
reaction / Exchange
reaction / Metathesis.

121
Q

6.02x10^23

A

Avogadro’s Number

122
Q

The ratio of the total mass of each element to the total mass of one mole of the compound (MM)
multiplied by 100%.

A

Percent Composition

123
Q

Gives the simplest ratio of the number of
moles of atoms.

A

Empirical Formula

124
Q

Gives the actual ratio of the number of
moles of atoms in a mole of the compound.

A

Molecular Formula

125
Q

Homogeneous
mixture of 2 or more substances.

A

Solution

126
Q

Parts of Solution

A

Solute & Solvent

127
Q

Dissolving Medium

A

Solvent

128
Q

Dissolved Substance

A

Solute

129
Q

Ability of a solvent
to dissolve a salt at a particular temperature.

A

Solubility

130
Q

Solution where solvent can still
dissolve the solute.

A

Unsaturated Solution

131
Q

Solution where the
solvent can’t dissolve the solute and
need to be heated for it to be dissolved.

A

Supersaturated Solution

132
Q

Solution where a solvent can’t no longer dissolve a given solute at a given temperature.

A

Saturated Solution

133
Q

The relative amount of solute present in a
solution.

A

Concentration of Solution

CHEMTECH (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions