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ABP BOARDS > Gen Peds > Flashcards

Gen Peds Flashcards

1
Q

When does height velocity begin in girls? In boys?

A

9 years in girls. 11 years in boys

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2
Q

when does heigh velocity peak in girls? in boys?

A

11.5 girls 13.5 boys

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3
Q

electrolyte abnormalities of MDMA ingestion

A

hyponatremia

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4
Q

vital signs changes in MDMA ingestion

A

hyperthermia and respiratory depression

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5
Q

signs of opioid withdrawal

A

yawning, restlessness, dysphoria, rhinorrhea, lacrimation, mydriasis, diarrhea, myalgia/arthralgia, tachycardia and systolic hypertension

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6
Q

how to fix nursemaids elbow

A

hypertronation and extension

or supinating forearm followed by flexion of the elbow

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7
Q

Erb Palsy

A

C5 and C6 injry with adduction and internal rotation with forearm extended

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8
Q

Klumpke Palsy are what levels of injury

A

C8-T1

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9
Q

Horner syndrome findings

A

miosis, anhidrosis and ptosis

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10
Q

What spinal level can cause horner syndrome

A

T1 injury in neonates- klumpke

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11
Q

When does the voluntary grasp develops

A

4 months

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12
Q

When do infants have pincer grasp

A

10 months

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13
Q

When do infants have a fine pincer grasp between fingertips and thumb

A

9-12 months

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14
Q

when can infants rake for small objects

A

6 months

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15
Q

when can infants transfer object hand to hand

A

6 months

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16
Q

when do infants start the scissor grasp. thumb and inside curled index finger

A

8 months

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17
Q

when does parachute reflex present and how long does it last

A

presents 6-9 months and lasts throughout life

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18
Q

What is the moro reflex

A

holding infant 45 degrees from bed and letting head fall backwards. Arms abduct and extend the flex and adduct.

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19
Q

When does moro reflex go away

A

5-6 months

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20
Q

When does palmar grasp disappear

A

3 months

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21
Q

when does the stepping reflex disappear

A

1-2 months of age

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22
Q

what are the live vaccines

A

MMR, MMRV, varicella, rotavirus

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23
Q

When can you give vaccines after 14 dys steroids

A

at least 4 weeks after

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24
Q

what is the cutoff for giving shots to kids who are taking steroids

A

can give is less than 2mg/kg/day or <20mg/day if greater than 10 kg

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25
Q

vernix is present during what weeks gestation

A

24-38

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26
Q

areola is raised but no breast tissue during what weeks gestation

A

34-35

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27
Q

When does cartilage in the ear pinna start to form and spring back ininfants

A

36-39 weeks

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28
Q

when does the pinna remain folded on exam (gestation)

A

24-31

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29
Q

When does lanugo cover the entire body of an infant

A

until 32 weeks gestation

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30
Q

when is lanugo only on the shoulders during gestation

A

38-41 weeks

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31
Q

when do the testes descend into the scrotum in gestation

A

36-39 weeks

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32
Q

When can a child alternate steps one foot at a time

A

3 years

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33
Q

what is gross motor development for 30 month old

A

jump off the ground with 2 feet up

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34
Q

when can children start to balance on 1 foot for up to 10 seconds

A

4 years old

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35
Q

what conditions are associated with avascular necrosis of the hip

A

hemoglobinopathies, systemic corticosteroid use, connective tissue disorders like rheumatoid, SLE and chronic renal disease

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36
Q

signs of late congenital rubella

A

ocular problems, hearing loss, cardiovascular disease

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37
Q

when do slapped cheek rash appear for Parvo

A

when no longer contagious

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38
Q

Gianotti Crosti Syndrome- characteristics

A

acute illness and small pink papular rash symmetrically distributed usually over face, buttocks and extensor surfaces

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39
Q

where are branchial cleft cysts found

A

sternocleidomastoid

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40
Q

where are thyroglossal duct cysts found

A

midline or slightly off midline

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41
Q

What is associated with growth failure later in childhood (after toddler years)

A

craniopharyngioma

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42
Q

how many mL/kg IVF do you give for burns

A

3mL/kg

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43
Q

What are causes of renal vein thrombosis in an infant

A

birth asphyxia, shock and or sepsis, maternal DM and use of central venous catheters

44
Q

classic triad of renal vein thrombosis

A

thrombocytopenia, gross hematuria and a unilateral or bilateral flank mass

45
Q

what contraception should a teen with seizures be on?

A

Depot due to side effects of AEDs with OCPs

46
Q

What AEDs interact with OCPs or other methods of contraception

A

phenytoin, carbamazepine, primidone, topiramate, oxcarbazepine

47
Q

inheritance of polydactyly

A

autosomal dominant

48
Q

causes of early hypocalcemia

A

IGUR, infant of diabetic mother, sepsis, birth asphyxia

49
Q

Which is a risk of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome- minimal change

A

renal vein thrombosis

50
Q

elevated alpha fetal protein is associated with what malformations

A

neural tube defects

51
Q

what medications can cause increased risk of neural tube defects

A

valproate and carbamazepine

52
Q

next step in infant born to mother with active gonorrhea during labor

A

IM or IV ceftriaxone

53
Q

acute neonatal conjunctivitis in 2-7 day period is most likely what organism

A

neisseria gonorrhea

54
Q

timing of chlamydial conjunctivits in newborn

A

5-14 days

55
Q

xray finding of osteochondroma

A

bony projection with cartilaginous cap

56
Q

sharply marginated eccentric lucency in metaphyseal cortex

A

metaphyseal fibroma

57
Q

Xray finding: eccentric lytic destruction and expansion of the metaphysis surrounded by rim of sclerotic bone

A

aneurysmal bone cyst

58
Q

xray findings: oval metaphyseal lucency surrounded by sclerotic bone

A

osteoid osteoma

59
Q

what is a treatment for acute migraine without aura in a 12 and under age child

A

rizatriptan

60
Q

what are shockable rhythms?

A

Vtach and Vfib

61
Q

how can you assess age based off drawing a stick figure

A

1/4 point per body part with a base of 3

62
Q

discrete firm papules and annular plaques without scales on dorsal surfaces hands, feet wrists and ankles

A

granuloma annulare

63
Q

heart sound heart with pneumomediastinum

A

harsh, crunchlike mediastinal systolic sound “hamman sign”

64
Q

at what age can 90% infants voluntarily grasp a rattle

A

5 months

65
Q

signs of neonatal lupus

A

bradycardia, plaque skin lesions on areas with sun exposure, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia

66
Q

signs of congenital rubell

A

cataracts, hearing loss, congenital heart defects

67
Q

infant with fould smelling stools, recurrent infections

A

shwachman diamond syndrome

68
Q

petechiae on cervix

A

trichomonas

69
Q

Tx for trichomonas

A

metronidazole or tinidazole

70
Q

adverse effects of guanfacine and clonidine

A

sedation, bradycardia, hypotension

71
Q

Signs of serum like sickeness

A

generalized urticaria with central violaceous discoloration- malaise, irritability, headache, diarrhea, hyperthermia, lymphadenopathy, facial edema and arthralgias

72
Q

what is the extensor plantar response and when does it go away

A

babinski reflex. usually disappears 9-12 months but can be seen 24 months

73
Q

when does rooting reflex disappear

A

3-4 months

74
Q

which medications cause stevens johnson syndrome

A

phenytoin, sulfa based antibiotics, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, lamotrigine and penicillins

75
Q

what happens if mother takes warfarin during pregnancy

A

nasal hypoplasia and stippled epiphysis

76
Q

how to diagnose epidermolysis bullosa

A

immunofluorescence

77
Q

SCFE is associated with what underlying endocrine condition

A

hypothyroidism

78
Q

exam findings of SCFE

A

external rotation, shortened with restriction in internal rotation, abduction and hip flexion

79
Q

which ellicit drug is associated with rhabdomyolysis

A

PCP

80
Q

caudal regression syndrome is associated with infants born to mothers with what condition

A

DM type I

81
Q

niacin deficiency results in what

A

pellagra- dermatitis, dementia and diarrhea

82
Q

when can infants roll from front to back

A

4-5 months

83
Q

PDA murmur

A

continuous harsh machine like murmur 2nd intercostal space

84
Q

infant in NBN with hypoglycemia, and micropenis- likely underlying diagnosis

A

growth hormone deficiency

85
Q

causes of asymmetrical IUGR

A

uteroplacental insufficiency, chronic HTN, multiple gestation, abrnomal placental structure, high altitude

86
Q

what are causes of symmetrical IUGR

A

chronic alcohol use, genetic abnormalities, in utero infections, smoking, maternal SLE

87
Q

leukocyte count in leukocyte adhesions deficiency

A

elevated

88
Q

most common cause of intoeing in child older than 2 years of age

A

femoral anteversion

89
Q

at what age do you stop giving Hib for catch up immunization needs`

A

If last dose was at or greater than 15 months

90
Q

what infants are at risk for Developmental dysplasia of hip

A

breech girls

91
Q

what week gestation do anterior sole creases arise

A

32-33 weeks

92
Q

age infants can smile at a mirror

A

4-5 months

93
Q

age infants reciprocate smile to adult

A

2 months

94
Q

next step with flail chest

A

intubation and mechanical ventilation

95
Q

tanning salons emit what UV rays

A

UVA

96
Q

back pain with what motion in spondylolysis

A

extension

97
Q

aggressive behaviors in toddlers is associated with what prenatal risk

A

exposure to cocaine alcohol and tobacco in utero

98
Q

ANA level in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

negative

99
Q

amount of time between dose 3 and 4 for IPV vaccine

A

6 months minimum

100
Q

neonate with hematocrit greater than 70%– treatment

A

partial exchange transfusion

101
Q

neonate with hematocrit greater than 60% and tachypneic

A

symptomatic- to partial exchange transfusion

102
Q

what test helps diagnose asthma

A

spirometry. don’t choose methacholine challenge if spirometry is listed

103
Q

when should infants have conjugate gaze by

A

6 months

104
Q

thyroid nodule hypoechoic 1.5cm and normal Thyroid studies. next step?

A

FNA. NOT US! NOT REASSURANCE!

105
Q

delayed eruption of teeth and conical in shape

A

hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia

ABP BOARDS (10 decks)

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