GEn Lab Equipments Flashcards
the purity of these chemicals is established by
American chemical society (ACS)
- important for qualitative and quantitative analysis because it’s very pure that’s why it is essential for accuracy
- suitable for use in most analytic laboratory procedures
Analytic Reagent Grade (AR)
have additional purification steps For use in standardization such as chromatography, immunoassays, molecular diagnostics (e. g spectograde, nanograde, HPLC)
Ultrapure
Ultrapure is used for
chromatography, atomic absorption, or immunoassays
Ultrapure have designations of
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or chromatographic
-impurity limitations are not stated, prep is not uniform
-it is not recommended that clinical laboratories use these chemicals for reagent preparation unless further purification or reagent blank
chemically pure/pure grade (CP)
it is not recommended that clinical laboratories use chemically pure or pure grade for reagent preparation unless
further purification or reagent blank
Used to manufacture drugs
National Formulary
used primarily in manufacturing and should never be used in the clinical laboratory
Technical Grade/Commercial Grade
Most frequently used reagent
Water
- Has the maximum water purity for accuracy and precision
And is used for method that requires minimum interference
Type 1 reagent water
Type I reagent is used for
Flame photometry, atomic absorption, very sensitive of method of examination
acceptable for preparation of reagents and quality control
materials
Type 2 Reagent Water
Type 2 reagent water is used in
Hematology, microbiology, immunology, and chemistry
Least in terms of purity in the water, it can also be used for method that requires minimum interference
Type 3 reagent water
Type 3 can be used for method that requires minimum interference and is utilized for
Washing glassware
has been purified to remove almost all organic materials, using a technique of distillation
Distilled water
-some or all ions removed, neither pure nor sterile
-purified from previously treated water such as prefiltered or distilled water
Deionized water
Also called standard for your calibration material
Reference material
Reference material Must meet requirements of
CLSI
Highly purified chemical with a substance of exact known concentration
Primary standard
Lower purity, therefore its concentration is determined by comparing it with a primary standard
Secondary standard
The presence of solute is relatively little or small
Dilute solution
Large quantity of solute
Concentrated solution
There is an excess of undissolved solute particles
Saturated solution
Most common glassware
Borosilicate
Borosilicate has a high degree of - and have low - content
high degree of thermal resistance and have low alkali content
more resistant to chemical corrosion
Borosilicate
Borosilicate commercial brands
Pyrex and kimax
Alkali resistant and are 6 times stronger than borosilicate
alumino silicate
Alumni silicate is strengthened - rather than thermally
Chemically
Resistant clouding and scratching better
alumino silicate
Alumni silicate popular brand
corex
Types of glass
High silica, vycor, low actinic, flint
Acid and alkali resistant
Vycor
Amber colored
Low actinic
For disposable material
Flint
Satisfy NIST specifications (National Institute of Standards and Technology )
Class A
· high resistance to corrosion and breakage
Plasticware
cheaper and disposable
Plasticware
most of these laboratory vessels are “to contain”meaning
they will hold or contain specific volume or specific type of
Fluid
pipet
it is filled to a particular graduation (It contains that
volume)not as accurate
TC pipet
It will deliver the specified amount
TD pipet
Drainage characteristics
Blowout, self draining
measuring or graduated pipet, they are usually designed to contain
Serologic
Mohr
Bacteriologic
Ball, Kolmer, or Kahn
Micropipet
Transfer - to deliver pipet
volumetric
Ostwald-Folin
Pasteur -pipets
Automatic macropipets
Serologic pipet
Graduation up to bottom, blowout
Mohr pipet
Self draining, pipette used for between measurements
Used for non- critical measurements, mixing solutions, and holding liquids
Beakers
Designed to hold a variety of volumes
Flasks ( erlenmeyer, Florence, volumetric)
Calibrated to hold one exact volume of liquid
Volumetric flask
Holds liquid samples and serve as containers for test reaction
Test tubes
For non- critical volume measurements
Graduated cylinder
Long tubes of uniform bore with graduation along the length for measuring titration volume
burettes
Are calibrated for the volume delivered with no attempt to blow out the small amount left in the tip
TD
Used for accurate measurement of non viscous solution, designed to deliver a fixed volume of liquid with a bulb midway between mouth and tip
Volumetric or transfer pipet
Graduation marks are down to the tip
Serological
Calibrated between two marks
mohr
Similar to volumetric pipes except for a narrow bore tubing and bulb near the tip, usually calibrated to blow out and are used to measure viscous solutions
Ostwald Colin pipet
Most pipettes are calibrated at - centigrade for accuracy and standardization
20 degrees centigrade
limitations are based only on the criterion of not being injurious to individuals
United States Pharmacopeia
