GEN DI Flashcards
unilat sluggish pupil, parasympa lesion CN3
adie’s pupil
syphillis (prostitutes pupil)
argyll robertson
sluggish pupil, hypoadrenalism
arroyo sign
inflam of eyelid
blepharitis
infection of mebomian gland
chalazion
pale conjunctiva
anemia
bilateral lid lag
exopthalmosis(graves)
increase intraocular pressure
glaucoma
crescent sign
glaucoma
infxn of sebaceous glands
Hordoleum (sty)
pancost tumor is seen in
horners
copper/silverwire deform,AV nicking
hypertensive retinopathy
flame hemmorage, cotton wool soft exudates
hypertensive retinopathy
pupil dilation, ptosis, lat deviation, MS
internal opthalmoplegia
seen in AS
iritis/uveitis
loss of lat 1/3 eyebrow
myxedema
constricted pupils, react & accom
miosis
dilated, fixed pupils, anticholinergic drugs
mydriasis
increase in intracranial pressure
papilledema/choked disc
drooping eyelid
ptosis
seen in horners, CN3 paralysis, mya grav, MS
ptosis
blue sclera
osteogenisis imperfecta
hypercholesterolemia
xanthelasma
nearsighted
myopia
farsighted
hyperopia
benign tumor CN8
acoustic neuroma
swimmers ear
acute otitis externa
Dx by dix-hallpike
benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
retraction of tympanic mem
eustachian tube block
prostrating vertigo, tinnitus, sensory hearing loss
menieres (endo hydrops)
bulging tymp membrane
purelent/bacterial otitis media
weber lateralization to involved? uninvolved?
inv=cond un=senso
rinne ACBC?
ACBC=senso
pale blue boggy mucous
allergic rhinitis
thin,sclerosis,crusty,foul smelling mucosa
atrophic rhinitis
red/swollen mucosa
viral rhinitis
Cheilosis/stomatitis
B2 ribo defic
atrophic glossitis
B12 or iron defic
on toungue cant be scraped off
leukoplakia
excess GH pre-maturation
gigantism
excess GH middle age
acromegaly
caused by graves
hyperthyroidism
MC caused by hashimoto’s
hypothyroidism/myxdema
coarse dry hair/skin
hypothyroidism
intolerance to cold
hypothyroidism
macroglossia and loss of lat 1/3 eyebrows
hypothyroidism
inc t3/t4, dec TSH
hyperthyroidism
dec t3/t4, inc TSH
hypothyroidism
heat intolerance
hyperthyroidism
weight loss, inc appetite
hyperthyroidism
weight gain, dec appetite
hypothyroidism
periorbital edema
hypothyroidism
congenital hypothyroidism
cretinism
unila, orbital, temporal. rhinorrhea, red eye
cluster headache
occipital, vertex. throbbing, wake up with it
hypertension
unilateral with aura
classic migraine
basilar area, abrupt onset, excrutiating pain
subarachnoid hemorrhage
seen w/ copd and cystic fibrosis
barrel chest
funnel chest=
pectus excavatum
pidgeion chest
pectus carinatum
breathing with resp. acidosis
cheyne stokes
breathing with metabolic acidosis, air hunger
kussmaul’s
clubbed nails
hypoxia, copd
koilonychia
spoon nails, iron defic anemia
splinter hemorrhage nails
subacute bacterial endocarditis
hyperressonant percussion
emphysema, pneumothorax
dull percussion
pneumonia, pleurisy
normal diaphrag excursion measurement
3-5cm (1.5-2inch)
insp=exp
tracheal breathing or bronchovesicular bt 1st&2nd ribs ant or scaps post
ex>insp
bronchial breathing over manubrium
Rales occur during
bronchitis
Rhonchi occur during
bronchiectasis
rusty brown sputum
lobar pneumonia
silhouette sign, & air bronchogram
lobar pneumonia
red jelly sputum, cause by klebsiella
friedlanders
yellow/green sputum
TB
ghon lesions
TB
positive tine/mantoux test
TB
friction rub present
pleurisy
positive schepelmann’s test
pleurisy
lung rupture, air trapped in pleural space
pneumothorax
collapse of lung
atelectasis
bronchial dilation, chronic productive cough
bronchiectasis
longterm cough, mucus,cigs
COPD/chronic bronchitis
curshmann’s spirals, charcot laden crystals
asthma
deficiency in alpha 1 anti trypsin
empysema
destruction of elastic pulm connective tissue, dilation of alveolar air sacs
empysema
shingles
herpes zoster
bilateral hilar lympadenopathy
sarcoidosis
fever, nightsweats, intense pruritis, enlarged spleen
hodgkins
bounding pulse, hyperthyroidism
magnus
weak/thready- aortic stenosis CHF
parvus
left vent. failure
pulsus alterans
aortic regurge aortic stenosis
pulsus bisferians
dec amp. on insp., inc amp. on exp.: COPD, bronchial asthma, exmphysema, pericardial effusion
paradoxus
jerky pulse, rapid increase then collapse, aortic insuff
water hammer
closure of AV valves
S1
closure SV valves
S2
ventricular gallop
S3
atrial gallop
S4
murmor with low pitch, heard with bell
stenosis
murmor with high pitch heard with diaphragm
regurg
diastolic murmors=
ARMS PRTS
systolic murmors=
ASMI PSTI
failure to shunt bt. aorta & left pulm artery
patent ductus arteriosus
continuous machinery like murmor
patent ductus arteriosus
loud ejection murmor during systole and sever cyanosis
tetralogy of fallot
constriction of descending aorta. higher BP in upper extremity by 20mm hg vs lower
coarctation of aorta
proximal stenosis of subclavian artery. females who faint
subclavian steal syndrome
MC cause left sided HF=
2nd MC cause=
MC=hypertension
2nd mc=aortic stenosis
right side heart failure by itself lung condition
cor pulmonale
inc CKMB, LDH, SGOT
MI
normal atrial depol
P wave
depol of ventricles, repol of atria hidden here
QRS
repol of vents
T
repol of papillary muscles
U
late intestinal obstruction
absent bowel sounds
hematemesis
vomit blood
hemoptysis
coughing blood
hematochesia
blood in stool
thiamine defic w/ alcoholism
wernicke korsakoff
thiamine defic w/o alcohol
beri beri
food fecal oral hep
A
dirty needle sex hep
B
blood transfusion hep
C
water solu, in with gallstones, hepatic disease, pancreatic cancer,
direct bilirubin
not water solu, incr w/ hemolytic disease, drugs , spleen disorders
indirect bilirubin
inc in reticulocyte count (coombs test)
hemolytic anemia indirect bili
severe RUQ pain
cholecystitis
murphy SIGN
cholecystits
grey turner sign
bleeding in flank- pancreatitis
periumbilical ecchymosis, intraperitoneal hemorrhage, or ruptured ectopic pregnancy
cullens sign- pancreatitis
where is pancreatic cancer usually
head of pancreas
clay colored stool, dark urine, jaundice
pancreatic cancer
post. pituitary gland, insufficient ADH
diabetes insipidus
palpable tenderness in LUQ
hiatal hernia
caused by sliding hiatal hernia
reflux esophagus
coffee ground emesis
peptic ulcers
black/tarry stiik
duodenal ulcer
occuly blood in stool
guaiac test: duodenal ulcer
MC place for gastric carcinoma
lesser curvature
Epstein barr, downey cells, paul bunnell
mono
affects distal ileum/colon
RI/crohns
RLQ pain
crohs/appendicitis
causes malabsorbtion of B12
crohns
pain at mcburney’s
appendicitis
rebound tenderness, psoas sign, obturator sign, rovsings sign
appendicitis
outpouchings in colon, inadequate fiber
diverticulitis
LLQ pain
diverticulitis
moon face, buffalo hump, purple striae, hypertension, hirsutism
cushings
inc production of adrenal cortex hormone, hyperadrenalism, hypercortisolism
cushings
decreased aldosterone, hypoadrenalism, hypocortisolism
addison’s
tumor of adrenal medulla
pheocromocytoma
murphys test, flank pain
nephrolithiasis
group A hemolytic strep, RBC casts
acute glomerulonephritis/nephritic syndrome
nephrotic syndrome in pregnant women
pre-eclampsia
hypertension,edema,proteinuria
nephrotic syndrome(pre-eclampsia in pregnant women)
waxy/fatty casts in urine
nephrotic sydrome
WBC casts, e-coli from UTI
pyelonephritis
many bilateral renal cysts
polycystic kidney disease
nitrites in urine, gonnococcal or non gonococcal
urethritis
bladder inflamm. suprapubic and lbp
cystitis
malignant tumor of kidney less than 5YO
nephroblastoma/wilm’s tumor
MC, through ing canal exits ext. inguinal ring into scrotum
indirect inguinal hernia
heavy lifting/fat ppl, adults over 40, exits directly through ext inguinal ring
direct inguinal hernia
MC benign breast tumor
fibroadenoma
20-40yo males, excess smoking, intermittent vasc. claudication, non healing ulcers, gangrene
buerger’s/ thromboangitis obliterans
Allen’s test
raynaud’s
incompetant valves, dilated tortuous channels
varicose veins
superficial dilated blood vessels
telangiectasia
normal RBC level
4-6mill/cm
normal hemoglobin
15gm%
normal Hct
42+/- 5%
normal MCV
90
normal MCH
30
normal MCHC
33
normal platelets/thrombocytes
200,000-350,000
normal WBC/leukocyte count
5-10k/mm
WBC differential neutrophils lymphocytes monocytosis eosinophytes basophils
neutrophils-60 lymphocytes-30 monocytosis-8 eosinophytes-2 basophils-0
Rh+ father Rh- mother
erythroblastosis fetalis
schilling test
pernicious anemia(b12)
