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Grade 12 > Gen Chem 1 > Flashcards

Gen Chem 1 Flashcards

1
Q

the study of matter

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

Occupies space, has mass, consists of atoms and molecules

A

Matter

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3
Q

Matter that can be seen with the naked eye

A

Macroscopic

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4
Q

Individual atoms and molecules cannot be seen by naked eye

A

Atomic

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5
Q

It is the examining results to see if there are alternative ways to interpret data

A

Scientific Method

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6
Q

Observing the color, appearance, size. No numbers or measurements

A

Qualitative Observations

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7
Q

Observing a quantity or a measurable attribute.

A

Quantitative Observations

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8
Q

The simplest type of matter, pure substances that cannot be broken down further, 118 recorded

A

Elements

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9
Q

Smallest indivisible unit of an element

A

Atom

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10
Q

Substance formed when two or more elements are combined in a defined ratio

A

Chemical compound

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11
Q

Collection of atoms held together by chemical bonds

A

Molecule

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12
Q

Contain only one type of element or compound

A

Pure substances

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13
Q

Have well-defined physical and chemical properties

A

Pure substances

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14
Q

State of matter that has a definite shape

A

Solids

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15
Q

State of matter that flow and take on the shape of the container

A

Liquids

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16
Q

State of matter with no fixed shape or volume

A

Gases

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17
Q

The change in physical property of a substance

A

Physical Change

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18
Q

The temperature at which a solid is converted to a liquid

A

Melting point

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19
Q

The temperature at which a liquid is converted to a solid

A

Freezing point

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20
Q

The temperature at which a liquid is converted to gas

A

Boiling point

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21
Q

The change in the chemical composition of the material

A

Chemical change

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22
Q

A substance made up of two or more elements or compounds that have not reacted chemically

A

Mixture

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23
Q

Can be separated by physical means into two or more pure substances

A

Not a pure substance

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24
Q

A mixture with constant composition throughout the material

A

Homogenous

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25
Q

A mixture with no uniform composition

A

Heterogenous

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26
Q

the means of separation of boiling point

A

distillation

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26
Q

the means of separation of density

A

Decantation and centrifugation

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27
Q

means of separation of state of matter

A

Filtration

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28
Q

means of separation of intermolecular forces

A

Chromatography

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29
Q

means of separation of vapor pressure

A

Evaporation

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30
Q

Means of separation of magnetism

A

Magnets

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31
Q

Means of separation of solubility

A

Filtration

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32
Q

are used to report measurement

A

SI units

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33
Q

what does SI unites mean

A

Syteme International d’Unites

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34
Q

is used to represent very large or very small numbers

A

Scientific Notation

35
Q

the other term for the coefficient

A

Mantissa

36
Q

Si unit of length

A

Meter (m)

37
Q

Si unit of mass

A

Kilogram (kg)

38
Q

the relative measure of how hot or cold a substance is

A

Temperature

39
Q

Si unit of volume

A

Liter (L)

40
Q

The capacity to do work or transfer heat

A

Energy

41
Q

SI unit of energy

A

joule (J)

42
Q

The physical property that relates the mass of a substance to its volume

A

Density

43
Q

How close the values in a set of measurements are to one another

A

Precision

44
Q

How close a measurement or a set of measurements is to a real value

A

Accuracy

45
Q

a method of separation that often uses the hand

A

Mechanical separation

46
Q

a method of mixture separation that takes advantage of the physical property of magnetism

A

Magnetic separation

47
Q

method of separation that takes advantage of the physical property of the state of matter

A

Filtration

48
Q

this can be use to separate solid particles of different sizes

A

Filter

49
Q

To pour off a liquid, leaving another liquid or solid behind.

A

Decanting

50
Q

Takes advantage of differences in density

A

Decanting

51
Q

The separation of a mixture of liquids based on their boiling point

A

Distillation

52
Q

Vaporizing a liquid and leaving the dissolved solids behind. Used to separate salt solutions

A

Evaporation

53
Q

More dense components sink to the bottom and the less dense floats

A

Density separation

54
Q

Circular motion helps denser components to sink to the bottom faster

A

Centrifuge

55
Q

Uses the property of molecular attraction to separate a mixture

A

Paper chromatography

56
Q

Dissolved substances crystallize out of a solution once their solubility limit is reached as the solution cools

A

Fractional Crystallization

57
Q

the basic building block of matter

A

Atoms

58
Q

these are single neutral particles

A

Atoms

59
Q

these are neutral particles made of two or more atoms

A

Molecules

60
Q

are formed when atoms or molecules lose or gain electrons

A

Ions

61
Q

a positively or negatively charged particle

A

Ions

62
Q

when an atom gains an electrons it’s charge becomes ________

A

Negative

63
Q

when an atom loses electrons, it becomes ________-

A

positive

64
Q

center of atom, generally made of neutrons and protons

A

Atomic Nucleus

65
Q

Contains most of an atom’s mass

A

Atomic Nucleus

66
Q

area surrounding nucleus that contains most of the space in the atom

A

Electron cloud

67
Q

Found within an atomic nucleus and a positively charged particle

A

Proton

68
Q

Found within the atomic nucleus and an uncharged particle

A

Neutron

69
Q

Located outside the atomic nucleus and is a negatively charged particle

A

Electron

70
Q

He proposes the indivisible unit of an element is an atom

A

Dalton (1803)

71
Q

He discovered electrons

A

Thomson (1904)

72
Q

He demonstrated the existence of a positively charged nucleus

A

Rutherford

73
Q

He proposed fixed circular orbits around the nucleus for electrons

A

Bohr (1913)

74
Q

equivalent to the number of protons

A

Atomic Number (Z)

75
Q

tells us how many protons and neutrons there are in an atom

A

Mass number (A)

76
Q

atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

77
Q

isotopes that continuously and spontaneously break down/decay

A

Unstable

78
Q

Isotopes that do not naturally decay but can exist in natural materials in differing proportions

A

Stable

79
Q

a representation in writing of a chemical element or compound of a substance

A

Chemical Formula

80
Q

the simplest form of expressing the relative number and the kind of atoms in a compound

A

Empirical formula

81
Q

gives the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound

A

Molecular formula

82
Q

uses lines to represent chemical bonds and shows how the atoms in a molecule are connected to each other

A

Structural formula

83
Q

Three-dimensional representation of molecules that are used to represent compounds

A

Molecular models

84
Q

A model where atoms are represented by balls and chemical bonds as sticks

A

Ball-and-Stick

85
Q

A model where atoms fill the space between each other to more closely represent our best idea for how a molecule might appear if we could scale it to a visible size

A

Space-filling model

86
Q
A

Grade 12 (6 decks)

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