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Grade 12 1st sem > Gen Chem 1 > Flashcards

Gen Chem 1 Flashcards

1
Q

the study of matter

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

Occupies space, has mass, consists of atoms and molecules

A

Matter

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3
Q

Matter that can be seen with the naked eye

A

Macroscopic

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4
Q

Individual atoms and molecules cannot be seen by naked eye

A

Atomic

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5
Q

It is the examining results to see if there are alternative ways to interpret data

A

Scientific Method

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6
Q

Observing the color, appearance, size. No numbers or measurements

A

Qualitative Observations

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7
Q

Observing a quantity or a measurable attribute.

A

Quantitative Observations

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8
Q

The simplest type of matter, pure substances that cannot be broken down further, 118 recorded

A

Elements

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9
Q

Smallest indivisible unit of an element

A

Atom

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10
Q

Substance formed when two or more elements are combined in a defined ratio

A

Chemical compound

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11
Q

Collection of atoms held together by chemical bonds

A

Molecule

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12
Q

Contain only one type of element or compound

A

Pure substances

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13
Q

Have well-defined physical and chemical properties

A

Pure substances

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14
Q

State of matter that has a definite shape

A

Solids

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15
Q

State of matter that flow and take on the shape of the container

A

Liquids

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16
Q

State of matter with no fixed shape or volume

A

Gases

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17
Q

The change in physical property of a substance

A

Physical Change

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18
Q

The temperature at which a solid is converted to a liquid

A

Melting point

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19
Q

The temperature at which a liquid is converted to a solid

A

Freezing point

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20
Q

The temperature at which a liquid is converted to gas

A

Boiling point

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21
Q

The change in the chemical composition of the material

A

Chemical change

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22
Q

A substance made up of two or more elements or compounds that have not reacted chemically

A

Mixture

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23
Q

Can be separated by physical means into two or more pure substances

A

Not a pure substance

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24
Q

A mixture with constant composition throughout the material

A

Homogenous

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25
A mixture with no uniform composition
Heterogenous
26
the means of separation of boiling point
distillation
26
the means of separation of density
Decantation and centrifugation
27
means of separation of state of matter
Filtration
28
means of separation of intermolecular forces
Chromatography
29
means of separation of vapor pressure
Evaporation
30
Means of separation of magnetism
Magnets
31
Means of separation of solubility
Filtration
32
are used to report measurement
SI units
33
what does SI unites mean
Syteme International d'Unites
34
is used to represent very large or very small numbers
Scientific Notation
35
the other term for the coefficient
Mantissa
36
Si unit of length
Meter (m)
37
Si unit of mass
Kilogram (kg)
38
the relative measure of how hot or cold a substance is
Temperature
39
Si unit of volume
Liter (L)
40
The capacity to do work or transfer heat
Energy
41
SI unit of energy
joule (J)
42
The physical property that relates the mass of a substance to its volume
Density
43
How close the values in a set of measurements are to one another
Precision
44
How close a measurement or a set of measurements is to a real value
Accuracy
45
a method of separation that often uses the hand
Mechanical separation
46
a method of mixture separation that takes advantage of the physical property of magnetism
Magnetic separation
47
method of separation that takes advantage of the physical property of the state of matter
Filtration
48
this can be use to separate solid particles of different sizes
Filter
49
To pour off a liquid, leaving another liquid or solid behind.
Decanting
50
Takes advantage of differences in density
Decanting
51
The separation of a mixture of liquids based on their boiling point
Distillation
52
Vaporizing a liquid and leaving the dissolved solids behind. Used to separate salt solutions
Evaporation
53
More dense components sink to the bottom and the less dense floats
Density separation
54
Circular motion helps denser components to sink to the bottom faster
Centrifuge
55
Uses the property of molecular attraction to separate a mixture
Paper chromatography
56
Dissolved substances crystallize out of a solution once their solubility limit is reached as the solution cools
Fractional Crystallization
57
the basic building block of matter
Atoms
58
these are single neutral particles
Atoms
59
these are neutral particles made of two or more atoms
Molecules
60
are formed when atoms or molecules lose or gain electrons
Ions
61
a positively or negatively charged particle
Ions
62
when an atom gains an electrons it's charge becomes ________
Negative
63
when an atom loses electrons, it becomes ________-
positive
64
center of atom, generally made of neutrons and protons
Atomic Nucleus
65
Contains most of an atom's mass
Atomic Nucleus
66
area surrounding nucleus that contains most of the space in the atom
Electron cloud
67
Found within an atomic nucleus and a positively charged particle
Proton
68
Found within the atomic nucleus and an uncharged particle
Neutron
69
Located outside the atomic nucleus and is a negatively charged particle
Electron
70
He proposes the indivisible unit of an element is an atom
Dalton (1803)
71
He discovered electrons
Thomson (1904)
72
He demonstrated the existence of a positively charged nucleus
Rutherford
73
He proposed fixed circular orbits around the nucleus for electrons
Bohr (1913)
74
equivalent to the number of protons
Atomic Number (Z)
75
tells us how many protons and neutrons there are in an atom
Mass number (A)
76
atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
Isotopes
77
isotopes that continuously and spontaneously break down/decay
Unstable
78
Isotopes that do not naturally decay but can exist in natural materials in differing proportions
Stable
79
a representation in writing of a chemical element or compound of a substance
Chemical Formula
80
the simplest form of expressing the relative number and the kind of atoms in a compound
Empirical formula
81
gives the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound
Molecular formula
82
uses lines to represent chemical bonds and shows how the atoms in a molecule are connected to each other
Structural formula
83
Three-dimensional representation of molecules that are used to represent compounds
Molecular models
84
A model where atoms are represented by balls and chemical bonds as sticks
Ball-and-Stick
85
A model where atoms fill the space between each other to more closely represent our best idea for how a molecule might appear if we could scale it to a visible size
Space-filling model
86

Grade 12 1st sem (7 decks)

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